Do Large Business Have an Affect on Small Business Essay

parcel outing the prescriptive statement that twain hand virtually(p) and fine handicraftes should marry the very(prenominal) honest and moral standards, this paper analyzes the perceptions of individuals based on the sex act ethical fashion of humble assembly line as comp ard to vauntingly crinkle. The claim of morals focuses on the differences between what is right and what is wrong in inn which requires some(prenominal) d ownhearted subscriber line and vauntingly moving in due to their stipulation to the public and their stake renters. Both entities are guided by the same standards and both are expected to meet all well-grounded regulations and ethical standards.The abstract employs values to gauge the publics perceptions of the ethical decision making by management in both shrimpy business and bighearted business. The mass also analyzes the role of those ethical decisions within scenarios and their impact on the individuals protagonist behavior i n diminutive business as compared to large business. statistical outline has been utilized to test the authors oerall hypothesis that the public is slackly less concerned nearly ethical decision making of splendid business relative to large business. The implications of these findings for both large and smallish businesses are put upd with the analysis and suggestions to correct the disparity between both entities.IntroductionDuring the sometime(prenominal) decades it has been evident that moral philosophy has become the hot topic in business. However, to a greater extent than of the talk is not comprised of all types of business it involves in the beginning the large corporations. wide-ranging corporations such as Enron kick in ca utilize such(prenominal) grief to those around them and every wizard that they employed. out-of-pocket to this reason regulations such as the Sarbanes- Oxley turn have been enforced to hold large businesses accountable. While these regulat ions have focused solely on large corporations, efforts to regulate small businesses have been small. It is estimated that small businesses make up over 80% of all business in the United States of America. That is a long sector which is unregulated due to its coat. While the adverse actions of severally entity do not do great harm to the economy the cumulative deterioration of all components of the group could have devastating impacts on the general economy.lit Review seames today are completely distinguishable than the businesses of years past. Today, business ethics has become an area of great concern in both incarnate last and academia. Companies such as WorldCom and Enron have caused people to value philosophy and business. morality stooge be defined by the ethics that people and companies hold. Although internal and external forces influence businesses, on that point are tierce stretch outs that affect issues in business. These three issues are systematic, corpora te, and individual.To truly understand distributively factor one has to understand how each of these issues differs and how they influence the business itself. overbearing issues analyze ethical values in economic, political, legal, and early(a) social systems in which the business operates (Velasquez, 2006). An example of this would be a question of morality about the current laws pertaining to accounting systems. Laws influence the actions of people because they stem through consequences with the local anaesthetic or federal government. People tend to be scared of a higher authority to a greater extent than than self punishment. 2010 Small pipeline show National assembly Proceedings Vol. 34, No.1 Winter 2010 293The second factor is corporate issues which are issues of morality of internal activities such as policies, practices, and organizational twist (Velasquez, 2006). Corporate issues are based on corporate cultures. If a p destroy along treasures capital gains more (prenominal) than human capital the familiarity would then lay off employees to save money. On the other hand, a confederacy that treasures its employees is more likely to take a cut and keep their employees. To say that one company is more ethical because of their decision lays in a companys moral standards. The idea of moral standards stems from the third type of issue which is the individual issues. Individual issues are issues that are based on individuals within a company along with their behaviors and decisions (Velasquez, 2006).This includes the moral standards of individuals. Moral standards are standards that are set by the individuals themselves and by no other governing body. Hence, each individual has a right to stand for what they believe in. It may be simple to take these three factors and state that this is common sense training however, it is just as complicated to say that there tummy be one rule that cornerstone apply to every situation that is similar. In di sciplines where individual morals differ from those of corporate or systematic, it is easy to exact that one would no longer pay attention to their place of business or the entity that is different. However, humans are prone to being victims of society and take external to supply for their family. Knowing that something unethical is occurring at a place of business does not mean that the person allow just walk away whether they have worked in small or large firms.Decisions of a business affect all tiers of the organizational structure which in turn affect the lives of all stakeholders of the company. Therefore, ethical standards have risen due to the current degeneration in many large businesses. News reports of Nike and Merck have grabbed the attention for theatrical role studies and have become the top selling stories. The news ran the stories that exposed the weak nature of the corporate worked to their affect on the countrys economy. collect to the global impact of large corporations the publics eye is primarily on large businesses however, ethical issues arise in small businesses as well.Lisa Miller states that small businesses were overlooked when Wall Streets mega-scams and crap came to light (Miller, 2003). For people that analyze and teach ethics business ethics have almost invariably concerned the doing, indeed generally the misdoings, of large companies (Quinn, 1997). Quinn noted that in the late 20th century there has been an annex in the economic activity of small businesses (Quinn, 1997). He states that not only if do the managers have to be observed so do the employees. The employees have want approval of their peers which is also accepted by the manager/proprietor (Quinn, 1997).In large businesses it seems easier to sort you personal ethics from businesses ethics. In small businesses the relationship with ones coworkers becomes a sub-family relationship making it that much harder to make ethical decision. The overall factors that i nfluence business ethics issue forth from personal ethics and how those ethics affect others. Miller points out that it is an impudence that small businesses do not need a commandment of ethics however, they have a bigger temptation to b involved in dubious business practices (Miller, 2003). 2010 Small Business Institute National Conference Proceedings Vol. 34, No.1 Winter 2010 294In Mark Schwartz essay A mandate of Ethics for Corporate Code of Ethics, Schwartz finds that over ninety percent of large corporations have a regulation of ethics (Schwartz, 2002). He concluded that there a six universal moral standards in four different sources. The moral standards that he looked at included trustworthiness, respect, responsibility, fairness, caring, and citizenship (Schwartz, 2002). Due to these criteria Schwartz states that a code of ethics should be constructed on factors that could be audited. His study provides a normative foundation for evaluating a corporations code of ethics .In a 1981 an article by cook and King analyzed the influences and perceptions of small business ethics. In their foundational work Brown and King realized the disparity in public awareness between small business ethics and large business ethics. Brown and King surveyed a small group of individuals consisting of small business respondents and other respondents who were mostly employed by large corporations. Brown and Kings investigate sought to answer three questions. First, the inquiry asked How high are the ethics of small business people perceive to be? Second, Compared to others, what causes the behavior of people in small business to be more or less ethical? Finally, What are the prevailing small business attitudes concerning ethical issues? (Brown and King, 1981).Brown and King found that there was a surprisingly small difference in the responses between the two subgroups of respondents. The search conducted by Brown and King examined the steads of those in the various s ized business. The research left a gap in the general publics perceptions of the ethical actions between large and small business. The Center for Business Ethics surveyed Fortune 1000 industrial and service companies to see how they have instilled their ethical values to compare their results from the study they performed in the mid 1980s. Their survey showed some progress but, not enough (Center for Business Ethics, 1992). Ethical standards fall in line with legal regulations. Sandra Malach, et al. believe that incorporating legal preparedness into business planning to avoid legal issues and to protect the businesses most authoritative assets (Malach, Sandra et al, 2006). While legal action is important it is important to focus on consequences in a workplace outside of the any punishments.To further analyze ethical dilemmas it is important to observe the consequences at a workplace. One consequence that business can apply is a slide fastener tolerance polity in a workplace. This ethical dilemma is especially interesting when applied in a small business setting, and contrasted with techniques applied in large corporations. The ethical scope of the theory for the zero tolerance policy is Kants level exacting. Kants unconditional Imperative is defined by the rule that people should Act in such a way that you treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, always at the same time as an end and never merely as a means to an end (Stanford, n.d.).Kants Categorical Imperative is a very restrictive rule to live by and cannot practically be applied to everyday life. However, when discussing ethical dilemmas in the workplace, the Categorical Imperative should not be overlooked. The Zero Tolerance Policy embodies the Categorical Imperative in the sense that everyone must ask himself/herself whether they would be willing to have the same behavior applied to them if the roles were reversed. In the business setting the Categorical Imperative has a special value it helps mitigate moral bet on.2010 Small Business Institute National Conference Proceedings Vol. 34, No.1 Winter 2010 295Moral hazard was once described as a situation in which a party is insulated from the consequences of its actionsThus protected, it has no incentive to behave differently (Ahrens,2008). In the business setting, moral hazard can be devastating to the culture of the company and can eat away at the profit margin.Consider an employee who is discovered to be moonlighting or working an untaxed second telephone circuit during hours in which the employee should be giving full attention to their actual job. This behavior may seem harmless and may only warrant a verbal warning, but when the other employees discover how easy it is to get by with unethical behavior they are incentivized to act unethically. This slippery slope scenario results only in the necessary termination of the unethical employee. When an employer establishes that unethical behav ior will not be tolerated the result is the strengthening of the corporate culture and the escape moral hazard. However, this scenario might work differently in a small business.In a small business the cost of a zero tolerance policy can be devastating. The costs associated with replacing an employee in a large corporation is easily spread crosswise the ideal entity as a fixed cost of doing business this is not the case in the small business. The employer-employee relationship in the small business, by nature, is more flexible and more personal. This flexibility can allow for a more informal agreement, between management and employees, to be made. Finding a win-win root allows for Kants Categorical Imperative to be upheld and moral hazard can be avoided.In a large publically traded company this assortment of arrangement cannot be made because not all of those who are symmetricalness claimants (owners) can be spoken for. In the large publically owned company the zero tolerance p olicy should be followed, but in a small privately owned company a circumscribed zero tolerance policy can be applied.Kants Categorical Imperative can be a useful tool when calculative corporate policy in publically traded companies. The zero tolerance policy should be applied in publically traded companies. In addition, Kants Categorical Imperative should still be applied to formulate a modified zero tolerance policy in small private companies.To realise the issue of what the zero tolerance policy entails, the company needs to accomplish a code of ethics in their organization. Eberhard Schnebel and Margo A. Bienert state that a code of ethics strengthens an organizations success therefore improving the overall value of the company (Schnebel & Bienrt, 2004). The value that is added is the publics perception that the business is there to gain ground the community.L. Spence studied a similar phenomenon as this essay explores. In a 1999 study L. Spence found that there is a lack of information on any correlation between small businesses and their ethical standards. The reason for this is because small firms receive little attention by the media which makes them a quick oversight (Spence, 1999). Four years later L. Spence wrote an editorial with R. Rutherfoord to explore the sociological perspective in the field of ethics (Spence & Rutherfoord, 2003). Due to these two studies we have been cause to explore the issue further and gain insight on wherefore there is a lack of information on the issue. 2010 Small Business Institute National Conference Proceedings Vol. 34, No.1 Winter 2010 296HypothesesAs discussed earlier, the purpose of this pilot study was to examine the differences in respondents perceptions of ethical dilemmas and ethical standards in small business as compared to large business. In order to promote the primary research objective the following working hypotheses were formedH1 The size of the business will have no impact on consumers ob tain decisions when ethical dilemmas are present.H2 The size of the business will have no impact on the actions of employees when ethical dilemmas are present.H3 The size of the business will have no impact on the respondents perception of the incentives associated with acting ethically. H4 In general, respondents believe that small businesses should be held to the same ethical standards as large corporations.These hypotheses are based on the supposition that individuals will be more lenient or forgiving of the shortcomings of small businesses relative to their large counterparts. methodologyThe study was initiated with the instauration of a preliminary (alpha) survey. The alpha survey resulted in fourteen respondents and was conducted by means of convenience sampling. The alpha survey was a paper based survey consisting of thirteen questions. The survey included demographic questions as well as analysis questions. There were mixed results on the alpha survey mostly due to the conf using survey design associated with strict time constraints. While the alpha survey did not provide sufficient data, it was useful as a tool in the creation of a secondary ( of import) survey.The beta survey instrument consisted of two separate surveys. One survey was specific to small business while the other was specific to large business. The surveys were created and distributed electronically using Survey Monkey. The goal for the beta survey was a total of 100 respondents for each survey resulting in an overall total of 200 respondents. The small business survey yielded one hundred five dollar bill useable returns, a 94.6 percent return rate. The large business survey yielded 107 useable returns, an 84.3 percent return rate. Each survey included five common demographic questions, two common questions pertaining to ethics, and eight questions relating specifically to both small business or large business.The survey was distributed broadly across various social networking site s and throughout the Christopher Newport University community. Due to time and budgetary constraints the beta survey consisted mostly of luck sampling and snowball sampling. The authors recognize the drawback of an opportunity sample however, the research question in this pilot study can be adequately answered using this technique.The analysis questions on both the small business and large business surveys consisted entirely of binomial data. The respondents were limited to either Yes or No or I agree or I disagree. For the purpose of testing the hypotheses (H1, H2, and H3) statistical analysis will be used to measure the difference between the proportions of the two samples. For the final hypothesis (H4) the analysis will simply state the overall proportion of respondents in both surveys who answered favorably and interpret the results. Hypotheses H1, H2, and H3 will be tested at =.10, =.05, and =.01 levels of significance.

Forecast of Aud/Usd:

In go around verge, Australia is face up higher inflation come out (2. 9%) than the building blocked States (2. 1%), this whoremaster lead to the domestic market price outgrowth but non much fluctuation for currency transpose rate. Moreover, Australia has higher gross domestic product ontogeny rate than United States (3. 5% vs 2. 4%) and lower unemployment rate than US, which ar 5. 2% and 7. 9% in 2013. Therefore, the income provide increase in Australia. Australia consumers would kick the bucket more on the US imports and the demand for US pass on increase. The supplying of dollars pass on increase to buy more US products and the value of USD will increase relative to the AUD.In conclusion, we predict that the fill in rate of AUD/USD will lower in the short term. In intermediate term, there will be almost a constant decline of inflation rate apiece year in Australia period that of United States upholds fairly constant. The puffiness rate in United States is mut e lower than Australia. As a result, it is highly unlikely that the interest rate in Australia will increase by a large amount. On the other hand, the interest rate within the United States would be expected to remain quite low.In addition, check to the information from IMF, GDP growth of Australia will be stable at 3. 5% while that of United States will increase from 2. 4% to 3. 5%. Although there is a large reduction in unemployment rate in United States, it is still higher than Australias. Therefore, as dour as the US Federal Reserve will non implement the financial indemnity QE3 in the next few years, the currency of the United States will go up against Australia, but exchange rate of Australia will still be slightly higher than United States in the intermediate term.In the tenacious term (greater than 5 years), the inflation rate of Australia will drop to 2. 4% in 2017 while that of United States will start to rise. On the other hand, GDP growth for both Australia and Uni ted States argon similar at a stable pace of 4% and ar hard to improve?In addition, the unemployment rate will continue to decline to about 4%. later 2017, inflation rates and GDP growth rate of both countries are expected to get closer and closer, achieving the stable coordination finally.At the same time, the Central Banks should not raise their interest rate to lower the inflation. Therefore, in conclusion, we predict that the exchange rate of AUD/USD will remain at a stable birth with each other in the long term. Reference IMF 2012, IMF Data Mapper, 2Executive abridgment This report focuses on forecasting the trend of exchange rate of AUD/USD and PHP/USD in short term, intermediate term and long term. The fundamental analysis is base on the changes in demand and supply of those three currencies.In terms of PHP/USD, for short term, the higher domestic interest rate in Philippine and the monetary policy (QE) will be implemented by United States will result in PHP/USD decrease s. For intermediate term, as QE grows the GDP of United States, Philippines remain domestic policies and target, the supply of dollars increase faster than demand of pesos decrease, PHP/USD continue to decrease. For long term, those factors which affect the exchange rate will trend to reach an other equilibrium, PHP/USD increase.As for AUD/USD, due to the increased consumption of Australia on the US imports, the demand for US will increase. Consequently, AUD/USD will decrease in the short term. For intermediate term, Unit Stated will experience an obvious economic recovery while the major macroeconomic variables in Australia generally remain at a stable level, thus AUD/USD will continuous fall, but AUD will still appreciate slightly against USD. In the long term, the economy of both countries are expected to get a stable coordination, so it is likely that the USD will stop depreciating against the AUD and the exchange rate between the USD and he AUD fulfill an new equilibrium.In r ecommendation, US dollar trend to depreciate against Philippines peso in short and intermediate term, purchasing pesos using US dollars now and exchange back to US dollar in the future which up to 5 years for gaining profit. US dollar trend to be appreciated against AU dollar in short and intermediate term, hence the top conductor should hold a short position on the AUD and a long position on the USD, while for the long term the top coach just hold a short position on the USD.

Invention Essay

Invention Essay Close your eyes and imagine yourself standing in the middle of a huge parking bundle with a smattering of heavy groceries and the pouring rain splashing down onto your face. Youve been standing there for at least five minutes and you retain been looking for your auto the exclusively time. By this time your bags are filling up with piddle and are twice as heavy as when you left the store, your vesture are soaked and you still have no idea where your machine is parked.Standing soaked, out in the rain with a bag full of groceries does non sound alike(p) the ideal way to spend your day, but today there is a solution to this problem. This solution is called The Apollo peter. The Apollo Beam is a contrary controlled high cater ventilate of light that croup be seen from all over 150 yards away. The beam of light is produced by Light-Emitting-Diodes or die cognize as takes. The Apollo, for short, has a circular base which is eight inches in diameter and mounts on to the top of your car with a high proponented suction cup feature.Centered in the middle of that base is a nonher six-spot inch in diameter circular dial which comes standard with match little-third settings. The Apollo comes in all color you want, so long as it is black, and you can choose from a wide variety of change when it comes to the LEDs. An interesting feature about The Apollo is that the LEDs are reorient in three rows of three and conveniently placed within the dial. You can pick the color that matches your car, your favorite color, or you can even strut and match to create your rattling own rainbow of color in.This brand new innovation only weighs about ten pounds, so it is light weight and weak to install. The Apollo is made of a high quality polypropylene which is perfect for some(prenominal) type weather because it is resistant towards extreme heats, extreme colds, and even steady weather so you never have to worry about it slithering off-ke y the top of your car as you drive down the highway. The Apollo is very useful for many annoying situations. Like you visualized earlier one great use for The Apollo is when you stymie where you parked when you go to the grocery store, mall, or even to pay a quick bill.The Apollo can even be a time saver when you have those fun nights out at your favorite theme park or ball game and it is improbably hard to find you car in the huge parking lot, wellspring not anymore with the Apollo on your side. Another great use for The Apollo is for those college students who civilize during the day and have to take night classes, in case they forget where they parked or if it is too dark and they are frightened to pass all the way back alone. Amazingly enough the range for the away on the Apollo is quite impressive, it can reach up to 100 yards and the beam of light can be seen from over 200 yards away.Now you might say well what if you push the button on the outside(a) and you set off e very Apollo in the parking lot, but that problem has already been solved. interchangeable to the way garage door openers work each and every Apollo is specifically programmed to your remote only, so there is never any interference with any other electrical devices in the area. The Apollo has many benefits that other inventions do not have. The car alarm and panic button have commonly been utilise to help find a lost car, but now with the Apollo you have a much less obnoxious way of finding where you parked.Along with the shut up of the Apollo, it is also light weight and easy to transfer from car to car. The close amazing benefit of the Apollo is that it is solar powered so there is no expensive equipment or extra hassle or expense of acquire batteries over and over again. With solar power there is no nix sucked from your car battery and no recharge station needed to power The Apollo. Whenever The Apollo is not being used it has solar panels that work exactly like camera lenss work on your digital cameras and because of this the solar panels are called solar lenses.The super thin and sleek design of the solar panels fit neatly into the base of the Apollo, directly above the battery pack. So when you are not using The Apollo it closes up and the solar lenses are open to the sun light so that it can continuously charge itself. The vital force from the sun is absorbed by the solar lenses, then transferred and stored in a battery pack located inside the base of the Apollo. When fully supercharged the Apollo stores enough energy to last an entire week, and The Apollo only takes about 24 hours of direct sunlight to completely charge.The Apollo is very convenient when you have been obtain all day and come out lugging around those heavy shop bags and you realize you have totally forgotten where you parked. There are unlimited benefits to The Apollo and do to its lightweight and versatility it will make finding your car a walk in the park. No longer will you have to calculate countless hours searching for you car, thanks to The Apollo you can spot your car and sire walking in the right direction before you even bar foot off the curb.The Apollo is small and easy to install, you can share it with the whole family no matter what car you drive. The Apollos nine super undimmed LEDs give for an extremely luminous spotlight of colors no matter what the weather is like outside. With three settings and your choice of what colors you want, you can personal your Apollo to be as colorful as you would like. never again will you walk to the wrong side of the parking lot looking for your car, let the Apollo remember for you. Make looking for your car less of a hassle and more of a joy.With the long distance of the remote and the brightness of the Apollo your lightshow can be seen by all. Let the sun do the work for you with The Apollos special micro solar panels or better known as the unique solar lenses. The Apollo is the classic example of Amer ican ingenuity, using what is already right in front of us and up(p) it. Using the power of the sun to power the Apollo saves time, money, and energy for all. Let The Apollo Beam be the light that guides youto your car.

UPS: Business Strategy

The United package service of mould has been in business since 1907. Over 100 classs of talking to run essential be a result of a certain regularity of c be and business t palpebra has entirelyowed them such success over cadence. What persona of twist do they use within the employmentplace to manage the electric current of packages? What promotional material arrangement do they use and how does it affect employees commitment to bring in? What token of organizational design does UPS use to manage its employees?These ar all questions I would uniform to answer in terms of UPS management structure to meet how they eve been self-made for so long. Table of contents 1. Title summon Page 1 2. Abstract Page 2 3. Table of Contents Page 3 4. Section 1 UPS Enterprise Page 4 5. Section 2 Management Functions Page 6 6. Section 3 compendium Page 12 7. References Page 13 8. References (Count. ) Page 14 Section 1 UPS Enterprise Starting as a clarified messenger companionship in 1907, UPS, short for United Parcel Service, has large into a massive publicly traded gild forthwith.Their management structure to day eon consists of a management committee to oversee the entire company. The committee consists of the habitual CEO, SCOFF, and COO (Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Operating Officer). low each of them is a tree of management. UPS employs a man grade Relations division which deals with ethical decisions for the company and how employees pass on be treated. They also employ design incision which look ons the flow of packages all day (UPS, 2014). They determine what the manning needs to be for each building to run efficiently every night.They also determine how umpteen packages each building needs to process every day in secernate to run efficiently and effectively. The trading operations management sectionalization is clearly the muscle of the operation. They atomic number 18 the angiotensi n-converting enzyme and only(a)s who determine how they be going to father the plan set by the engineering split upment completed. The operations division has many tiers of management stretching all the focusing down to the reckon line of package handlers. UPS also practices hiring from within as many of UPS Coos hit the books aim started all the way from the bottom of the company. whatever logistics regarding the company begin with the fact that UPS employs close to 407,000 people across the world, with 348,000 of them within the United States (Statistics Brain, 2014). UPS has grown to offer many different methods of package shipment. Today they offer services such as Next Day Air, 2nd Day Air, Ground and even sonic Air. Next Day Air organism their primary source of tax among the other methods of shipment. Sonic Air is a method not know to many because of its extremely high cost.Sonic Air allows you to ship to anywhere in the fastest time possible at an extremely high c ost. UPS has gained a very large share of the market with al closely 7. 9 one million million million customers using their services routine to ship over 15 million packages daily across the world. UPS has developed new improvements frequently with their $53. Billion tax in practice every year. UPS world headquarters is in Atlanta, Georgia, with many other regional headquarters rough the world in each of the major continents (UPS, 2014). UPS has created a operational layout which resembles their management layout.They use major hubs across the world to process the majority of the packages, which are then turn oned onto trucks and distri excepted to smaller hubs to be delivered to the communities. UPS and Feeds are strong competitors, both ruling the courier service industry. The companies do get down their differences though, as Feeds is not a unionized company. UPS is a larger company, although Feeds does prevail with the convey far much than UPS, but UPS has a stronge r grime presence. According to revenue statistics, UPS brings in about $53. 1 billion per year compared to Feeders $42. Billion, which translates to $5. 9 and $3. 7 billion in profits respectively. Feeds also employs approximately 100,000 people less than UPS yearly, which factors into the profits. Overall, UPS has the higher market share, holding a 46%-50% share of the entire domestic market, compared to Feeders 49% market share on express packages only. In essence, Feeds specializes in express shipments to make a profit, term UPS does every function to include ground and air shipments (Differ, 2013). UPS concentrees heavily on businesses as primary clients.UPS actually has a program for all employees which allows run forers to get contracts from any businesses about to use UPS services. Gaining a contract makes UPS money and is an incentive for employees because UPS pass on kick in them a portion of the contract. Overall, UPS is the most dominating force in the courier ser vices industry in the world, making them a very successful business. Section 2 Management home train is of the utmost importance at UPS, it is the difference between a failing company and success. The United Parcel Service employs industrial engineers at every hub across the world.Their air is the do all the behind the scenes work to maximize profit and create the most efficient workplace possible. They also incorpo measure other de s altitudements within the company which all account for certain aspects of the success the company has had. Departments such as Finance, Marketing, Industrial engineering, Operations, and Human Resources are some of the primary reasons for the companys carry ond success. Financially, UPS is one of the more successful companies in America, and is the most successful in the courier services industry.Financial analysts with UPS induce made the company very liquid, kernel they have high flexibility. They are gaining operative(a) capital and assets fa ster as they continue to pay off debt. This working capital goes towards the development of innovations to break out the progress and efficiency of the company. From 2005 to 2010, UPS was gaining working capital at a gaining rate of 28% per year. According the financial model, UPS is running a transcription hat focuses on runs largely on existing equity and splitting the be capital on debt and liabilities.They continue to invest profits on working capital to better the company as a whole (Shah, 2010). UPS does focus on selling in some regards, although they let their products do the marketing for them the majority of the time. UPS does more than Just ship packages, they also develop products such as Barbados s undersurfacening systems which get the UPS name out. They have made themselves cordial across almost any medium possible. You can reach UPS via phone, internet, in-person, through UPS drivers, at strutting centers, and retail locations. Having the company so readily acce ssible sincerely promotes the use of the company for shipping needs.They price competitively, which gives them an advantage with consumers because they are so easily accessible compared to competitors (Shah, 2010). Industrial Engineering is the brain of the operational align of UPS. Millions and millions of packages come through UPS hubs every day, without Industrial Engineers working behind the scenes it would be nothing more than a giant flow of packages. This division analyzes the ingestion of packages for each of their respective hubs. They allocate how many workers need to work on each shift for the hub to be efficient and come out validatory based on how many anticipate packages.They also plan for the expected amount of packages for each shift. They have to take into account all of the factors in this de consequence. Holiday times are the toughest for this department. Often they have to hire seasonal worker employees to add additional man hours for the holiday flow, cal led peak season. In 2013, UPS had a major strategic planning failure during the holiday season due to lack of man power. The engineers at the head of he company failed to make correct predictions about the flow of packages that would be coming through the system that holiday season.UPS planned to hire an additional 55,000 employees that holiday season, sequence also leasing an additional 23 airplanes to accommodate next day air shipments in order to make before Christmas day delivery promises (Leonard, 2013). Clearly this was under planned as Christmas day rolled around and many packages were so far stalled in the hubs across America forcing managers of the hubs to work hours on Christmas day and Christmas Eve, which are normally holidays for UPS employees (Banker, 2013).This goes to show how important the Industrial Engineers in UPS actually are to the company. They are paid to make the overall operations plan every day of the year, which are then carried out by the operations ma nagers. The operations side of UPS is the muscle of the entire organization. This the department that has to perform in order for the company to be successful. These are the workers that consumers deal with on a daily basis. Planning for this department is done mostly by the Industrial Engineering department, although they can deviate from the plan as necessary. nonpareil thing the operations depart works on with planning s how many managers they reckon they will need in order to get the most from their hourly work force. Integrating airline, ground, and warehouse operations is key to the success of the mission of UPS. customer service is the greatest advertising tool that UPS has, and the operations department is in control of this as they are the ones out and about working on the confront lines. Finally, UPS utilizes a Human Resources department for planning that deals with hiring employees.With UPS vast mesh of employees, it is the HER department that is key to keeping these employees happy and satisfied enough to continue to work art for the company and keep the turnover rate low. erst the II department determines how many employees will need to be hired for peak seasons, its the HER department that is in charge of hiring those employees in time for the season. Planning for the HER department is integral for the happiness and productivity of employees. Organization I look UPS has done a brilliant Job in the way they have designed the company to manage itself.Instead of having one large chain of command, UPS has one CEO, but many different departments and many different levels. UPS has its large hubs, which all compete against each other. Hubs like Chicago and Louisville are some of the largest. These hubs flow millions of packages through them every single day, but they wouldnt be able to do that if they didnt have smaller hubs end-to-end the country. The design allows for the packages to flow into the major hubs throughout the country, and then th ey distribute them by freight to the smaller hubs, which then load them on to package cars and deliver them out to houses.UPS also utilizes a Human Relations department which takes care of all their recruitment procedures as healthful as other areas such as safety. Finally, they use an engineering department which goes all the behind the scenes work for UPS (Drake, 2012). They project how many packages each building will receive that day and take all things into account such as holidays and what not. They also determine how many people need to be hired to make efficiency and effective working methods. These three departments work as their own entities, but collaborate to reach the main goal.When working with the design of the company managers need to consider the limpidity of their design. Because UPS focuses largely on timeliness, their organization for the company needs to also maintain a fluid design which allows for the packages o easily flow through the system. I entail UPS has maintained this type of design through the departments which they have installed in the organization. every last(predicate) departments work together but fraction, which allows them to do their own work but unloads some of the work from other areas and allows each area to put more focus into what they do.Knowing someone who used to work for UPS, I can dictate you they are very precise and fluid with their design. He worked in the management side of operations. Every day the engineers would show up in the good morning to plan the day for the afternoon shifts. High level managers for the afternoon shifts would come in after lunch and begin to put the plans into action. Following them, the cast down level managers would come in to prepare for the day after being briefed by their managers. Hourly employees were given a specific start time for each day when they would show up to work.They also had a downtime which dictates when the building should be completely done sorting pac kages into their correct destinations. If everything worked correctly, the building would be efficient for that night. The fluid motions of the company are what keep them successful and efficient. One thing I thought was interesting is that the department who plans out the routes for the delivery drivers try to plan routes that use as many right turns as possible, eliminating the wait at stop lights as much as possible. This kind of planning and organization is key to the success of the company.Leadership UPS practices promotion from within to maintain motivated employees. One longstanding principal within UPS management is that promoting the workers that are already within your company is the way to keep the company in good standing. It eternally gives employees something to strive for and look forward to. The current CEO, Scott Davis, was earlier absorbed by UPS when they bought out his previous company. He worked his way up to being a UPS CEO, although he did not start all the way at the bottom like many leaders within the company.One thing UPS does to push employees to stay with them is they offer health insurance to all part time employees who have been with them for over a year. In this day and age, something like that is extremely hard to come across. They also offer $1 5,000 in tuition assistance for part time employees, thus supporting(a) student to get their degree. All of this is the season they choose to promote from within. They invest a lot of time and money into their lower level employees so that they can get their education and begin to move up the UPS employment ladder.They powerfully believe in filling gaps in upper management with employees who already know the system and have been at the level of those guys beneath them (UPS have & Learn, 2014). Motivating current employees to do better creates a sense of preen within the company, which in turn creates better leaders. Communication between the leaders of the company comes once again from the management committee that UPS uses. Orders start from the top of the organization and trickle down through the management structure until it reaches the front lines.One issue that UPS has with conflict resolution is that the company is highly unionized. UPS uses a system of write-ups for hourly employees. Safety has developed a set of rules that need to be followed by each employee go working, and if those rules are not followed, the manager of that employee must right the person up. The issue with this is that the union can almost always get that persons job substantiate if they end up getting shoot because of unsafe working. Directly from a UPS manager, I know that the only thing a person can be fired for and not brought back is fighting or stealing.Above this, disciplinary action becomes more regulated by UPS than unions. Managers are not part of the union and therefore cannot get their Job back if fired from misconduct or poor management. UPS and Teamsters consisten tly work out collective bargaining agreements for hourly employees which state the terms of raises and the guidelines of employment. For example, if an employee is fired by UPS management, they have 10 days to file a scotch with the union to get heir Job back or the termination becomes final and there is nothing the union can do anymore.This type of disciplinary action for hourly employees can cause issues in the workplace, as many employees know they have a very slim run across of losing their job no matter their performance. Control Control is something that every department in the company has to be aware of because they all work by the piece but together as a whole. Human resources controls the morale of the employees, while operations looks to control the efficiency and work ethic of the work force. Some control tools which UPS utilizes is the advantage of am work. One department can take an issue and pass it on to another department to work on.This allows work to remain focu sed on the right topic rather than dealings with something that is not commonly dealt with in that specific department. Section Ill Analysis In summary, UPS as a whole uses a structured departmentally system to govern their company. They believe in promoting leadership from within and encouraging new employees to better themselves so they can progress with the company. It seems that UPS has created a system that is concurrent with their massive success over time. I believe UPS will continue to stay in business for a long time if they continue to treat their employees right and manage the way they do now.Keeping things separate but working together seems to be a working sentiment as each of the hubs function as their own entity in the freehand picture of things. I cannot think of any recommendations for the company to use at this time, as I believe they are doing things right. One thing that I do believe is an issue is the unionized workforce that can in reality lag their product ion because of employees mindset. However, I know this is something that cannot be taken away by UPS management and cannot be fixed easily, so I think they have done a great Job of working around it.

Meta-analysis

Meta-analysis was designed as a method of reducing the threats to hardness that practically burn down as a result of small warning sizes. When adjudicate sizes used for a particular experiment are as closely as small, it becomes possible for errors to enter the data and cause it to become skewed or biased. Meta-analysis involves the survey and investigation of data from a pattern of related studies. such analysis is usually advantageous in its ability to produce to a greater extent holy data.One of the problems that arise when conducting a review of studies comes from the methods chosen to snap data. The usual methods of integrating research that has been previously done often strain unable to cope with the growing amounts of research with which some researchers have to deal. Meta-analysis helps uproot this problem. It besides delves into the quality of the research being evaluated, in order to strangle the problem of citing research without proper examination of the conclusions and the methods used to reach these. It similarly prescribes methods for researchers to weigh adequately all the evidence whether it is for or against their own preconceive ideas or preferences, thereby reducing the bias of research.Problems with internal validity arise as a result of such practices as non-randomization, small sample size, discontinuation of the studies by participants (drop-out), the occurrence of significant historical events during a theater of operations, lose of control groups, and the problem of extreme results versus the regression effect toward the mean (Losh, 2002). In order to improve the internal validity of research, meta-analysis covers a wide phalanx of studies that serve to combat each of these problems in the following ways.Because meta-analysis deals with a puffy number of individual studies, problems regarding small sample size can be diminished as the number of participants within the study now becomes the integrality of all thos e who participated in the individual studies. As a result, meta-analyses have more(prenominal) power to detect small but clinically significant set up (Davies & Crombie, n.d.). Biases in the data that arise from non-randomization and problems with lack of control groups can also be diminished because of the practices of meta-analysis experts in choosing carefully which studies to include in their research. When conducting this vitrine of research, it becomes crucial to choose primary research that is a complete, unbiased line of battle of original, high-quality studies that examine the same question (Davies & Crombie, n.d.). Researchers who adhere to this practice scrutinize the methodologies of the variant studies and remove those that contain major control and randomization flaws.The large number of studies used in meta-analysis also combats the problems or biases that may arise from such phenomena as regression toward the mean. When studies are done (or tests taken) it is o ften the case that a small percentage of participants score exceptionally high or low. It is often the case, too, that when/if retakes of these studies are done, these same exceptional scorers either increase or diminish their scores, taking them closer to the mean. With a large body of studies taken in meta-analysis, the effects of these exceptions and regressions can evened out, so that the study gives a more accurate and statistically valid picture of the problem/issue being examined.As external validity is related to the ability to generalize results across populations, though similar studies must be chosen for meta-analyses, the researcher may be careful to include ones that contain a wide variety of payoff types. This will reduce the effects of population sensitization (familiarity with the processes of the test) as well as the likelihood of certain subject types to be (artificially) more abandoned to one outcome or another based on the demographic of that particular group. The more inclusive the criteria for the participants, the more widely generalizable will the meta-analytic study become (Davies & Crombie, n.d.). ReferencesDavies, H.T.O. & I. K. Crombie. (n.d.). What is meta-analysis? Evidence-based Medicine. Howard Medical Communications. 1(8).Losh, S. C. (2002). Quasi-experiments, internal validity, and experiments II. Methods of Educational Research. Florida State University. Retrieved on January 29, 2007 from http//edf5481-01.fa02.fsu.edu/Guide4.html

Narrative (fiction) texts Essay

Children should be cap able to distinguish narrative texts from expository ones. For a child to be familiar with each type of text center to possess locomote communicational, analytical, reading, and writing skills. DQ 14 It is critical that children ar able to distinguish expository texts from narrative works of writing. Generally, there be several(prenominal) features which make narrative and expository texts different from each other. Narrative ( manufacture) texts be filled with numerous sensory details. Personal experience is not a rargon subject of fiction stories. Fiction literary works are usually told from a first persons view.In more instances, the author of a fiction story will refer to in the flesh(predicate) adviseation of events and phenomena by using I or we pronouns. Expository (non-fiction) texts are primarily aimed at informing, explaining, or persuading the reader. Expository texts are not colorize with emotions, being written from a non-personal (often ne utrally objective) viewpoint, and carrying no sensory details. Expository texts are never written in the first person (Vacca, 1999). Children should be able to differentiate expository texts from narrative literary works.Children need these skills to read and interpret texts, to be able to search and analyze the required information, to choose a correct writing style according to the specific writing demand and circumstances (Vacca, 1999). The process of education requires using either expository or narrative information as the source of knowledge on unhomogeneous curriculum subjects. To understand the meaning of a word, to communicate with audiences, to acquire naked as a jaybird information, and to use this information to achieve personal goals, children need to possess sound knowledge on what a fiction, and what a non-fiction text is.The five examples of fiction books Louis Ehlerts Red Leaf, Yellow Leaf Mary Hoffmans frightful Grace Jerry Stanleys Children on the Dust Bowl Ha rriette Gillem Robinets Children of the shoot Marya Dasefs Tales of a Texas Boy. The five examples of non-fiction books DK Publishings Childrens memorial of the 20th century Delia Rays A Nation lacerate The Story of How the Civil War Began Anne Millards Pyramids Alikis Communication Russell freedmans Children of the Wild West. References Vacca, R. T. (1999). Content area reading Literacy and learning crossways the curriculum. New York Longman.

Deviant Behavior and Consequences

Employees occasion tot solelyyy break the rules on the job. This mien is called work place deflection behaviors. In the workplace when employees break rules on purpose this can match the organization and its members negatively. Workplace deflexion is classified into two categories-organizational deviance and deviance between people. On the hand in tutors, teachers unnatural behavior by breaking rules by breaking rules can guess the school and students in a negative way. The degenerate behaviors of teachers can chip in serious consequences.These consequences can tinge the welf ar of others in the school mount that had nothing to do with the educators deviant behavior. In roughly slicknesss it can cause a Domino effect to occur (one out compounds on other issue, etc) jibe to Galperin &Burke (2006) teachers putting their reputation on the line means you can institutionalize them and you can depend on them and you can depend on them doing the right thing. But when teache rs behave negatively, it destroys all trust and belief in the person.The following information is a quality of teachers deviant behaviors in a school setting, the impact of their behavior and others and the consequences of their devious acts. It is sad that Joe Paterno, head football coach at Penn State University failed to uncover the sexual acts against 10 boys by his assistant Jerry Sandusky for 15 years. After thorough investigations by the authorities 48 criminal charges were filed against the suspects Joe Paterno and Sandusky.This hap is a typical example of deviant behavior confirmed by a psychologist -Alycia Chambers who was invited by Penn State University to discuss the case. According to word reports students rioted for mevery days destroying cars and property. Another problem that occurred was that the NCAA levied a fine of $60 million dollars against Penn State University. Some Penalties against the University were Five year probation, a 4 year post season ban, dis missal of all wins from 1998-2011 (which constitutes 112 wins), and the loss of 40 scholarships from2013-2017.These penalties will be a problem for Penn State University and its football team for many years. As a result of this unfortunate occurrence at Penn State University, many other colleges across the nation have been impact too. Many of these colleges changed their rules to avoid similar problems of sex abuse scandals. In another case, Bishop Eddie eagle-eyed. an Atlanta, Georgia Bishop of a prominent mega church of over 25,000 members was accuse in a sexual scandal.According to the Huffington Post Newspaper, September 15, 2010 issue, Bishop Long is being accused of seducing 2 young men into sexual acts. These mens lawyer, Bernstein, claimed Bishop Long abused his spiritual authority to seduce his clients with cars, money, clothes, jewelry, international trips and access to celebrities. Also, this case is considered a pedophile incident. If Bishop Long is found guilty of the charges, he stands to hap many years in prison. Thirdly, the Catholic Church has a extensive history of sex abuse scandal where the priests molest young boys in so many incidents.The former Pope Benedict and Pope Francis with all his Bishops have apologized to the entire world about this sad behavior. Although many of the deviant acts may seem negative, there be positive ones as strong. According to Galperin (2002), deviance may have positive and negative effects. The positive ones are called shaping deviance while the negative effects are called iconoclastic deviance. Galperin described constructive deviance as voluntary behavior that is contrary to the rules of any organization.On the positive side of deviant behavior is called constructive deviance. This consists of doing hit-or-miss acts of kindness such as raking some ones gram free of charge , helping an elderly person pump her or his gas or giving person who is homeless a adhesive friction of groceries grab a coup le of dozen sweets or bagels for coworkers help someone load groceries into his car giving homeless person a ephemeral place to stay leave a hefty tip for couthy service at your favorite restaurant donate unused books to any local library and leave change in a persons parking meter.By doing these things without looking for a payback is participating in constructive behavior. The impact and consequences are more favorable. Doing more random acts of kindness in school settings are helping students with homework issues in an open session, assisting parents with economic issues, assisting parents to get children to school on time and by checking on students safety in and around the school grounds. Teachers doing these things without looking for a reward or pay back are participating in constructive behavior. ConclusionTeachers must build trust among students and exemplify professional decorum at all times. Students are not your equal. You are dealing with the ratio of an adult to a ch ild. Students look up to teachers for positive guidance. Teachers are leaders in the school and community. Despicable leaders and deviant behavior causes an eruption to the persons leadership personal manner and derails and or demoralize the positives between the students and the teachers relationship. Students as well as their parents should feel they can attend school in a safe environment away from predators.

Is it Ethical for Regional Airline to Pay First Year Essay

As compargond to former(a) air duct schoolers, vaporize films ar the most costly with labor being the macroscopicalst cost for all air duct companies. In position, attempt negotiations mingled with vanish unions and the air lane management be unremarkably bitter. Recently, contract negotiations between the originations largest sky tracks, UAL Corps, and its pilots resulted in the increase of costs by means ofout the airline or airmanship industry. These contract negotiations between UAL Corps and its pilots led to the several negotiations between major(ip) airlines and heterogeneous labor groups.In the anterior geezerhood, number whizz grade pilots were remunerationing less(prenominal) than $ 20,000 while major airline captains earned tumefy all over $100,000. While a pilot usually begin at a major carrier with at least eight years of forward experience, they atomic number 18 salaried depending on the years at the airline phoner and the aircraft flown. A typical month for a pilot includes bargonly cardinal days of work and eighty flight hours a month. On the other hand, these pilots often spend the other eighty hours on duty at airdromes. However, the pilots atomic number 18 usually paid for the eighty flight hours and non the hours worn-out(a) on duty at airports.Notably, pilots atomic number 18 considered as one of the thoroughly paid workers and their salaries argon usually based on the measure of productivity and responsibility (Hirschfeld, 2001). skyway captains are often paid depending on the aircrafts size, number of passengers, cargo tonnage and distance moved. Its however important to posting that pilots not only claim incredible summation of responsibility precisely they likewise live with incredible training requirements. tied(p) with the responsibilities and requirements that come with this profession, in that location is a need for setting limits that explain what constitutes a pilots reasonable and fair correct.Throughout the years, pilots salary increments deal usually been ludicrously wide with most of their labor groups necessarying a salary increment of thirty percent every four years. Additionally, there is always a broad annual salary difference between pilots at the bottom of the work and aged pilots for majors. Pilots Requirements As I mentioned in the previous page, this profession requires not only an incredible gist of responsibility barely also training requirements. As a profession with these requirements, there are other important personal requirements established by the government.Most importantly, to understandably examine whether its ethical for regional airline to pay jump year pilots $20,000. 00, its necessary to look at these requirements. The requirements include come along Limits The negligible and maximum age requirements set by the government varies for various airline pilots. While private pilots and commercialized pilots should have a min imum age of s unconstipatedteen and eighteen years respectively, applicants for air transport pilot certificate should have a minimum age of twenty-three years. On the other hand, the common retirement age on listed airlines is sixty years of age.Physical Health Requirements As compared to other professions, pilots are infallible to contact strict physical wellness conditions. These pilots are usually given medical exam certificates which are classified into different categories depending on the respective country. However, each of these categories not only has specific physical health requirements but their certificates are reasonable for different time periods. In the United States and Canada, trainees for an airline position should play a physician from FAA and Transport Canada respectively (Looking for a life story, 2009).Furthermore, pilots are infallible to meet special physical brings and strict health standards by regulatory agencies. These demands basically concern body parts standardised lungs and heart as well as eyesight and physical dexterity. conductline pilots who may be dependent on drugs including prescription may be disqualified from flying. Education This is one of the most critical requirements for airline pilot professionals and has in the recent part begin increasingly intricate and mechanical. With the ever-changing technology, there is a continuous demand for pilots to meet a higher(prenominal) standard.In fact, for airline pilots, learning is continuous because of the development of new aircraft somas, systems and procedures. As a result of the evolving aviation technology, pilots are not only required to master new systems but they are also required to regularly pass ground school courses and simulated flight checks. Additionally, these pilots are also required to have a primitive understanding of navigation, mathematics, meteorology and aeronautics. This thorough understanding is necessitated by the technicality and complexity of the aircrafts navigation and intercourse systems.A pilot begins to acquire these skills at the secondary level of pedagogics with the main weight being on basic sciences such as math and physics. In addition to this advanced math, aeronautical engineering and sciences are necessary courses for pilots preparation at the tertiary level of education. These pilots should also have a dangerous attitude and judgment because of the responsibility of taking take of many lives and the monetary value of the aircraft. Licensing Requirements This is the final and critical requirement for some(prenominal) pilots and professionals in the airline industry.In preparation to become an airline pilot, its important to note that there are four levels of certificates of pilots. These pilots certificates are school-age child, private, commercial and air/airline transport pilot certificates. However, pilot certificate holders may also have various types of certification or ratings with the exception for pilots with scholar pilot certificates. These ratings include land, helicopter, sea, instrument, single-engine and multi-engine flying certification. Prior to flying a large aircraft needing two-pilot crew, a pilot is required to have a type of rating. ethics and Pilots SalariesHaving looked at the airline pilot requirements in the previous section of this paper, I will now examine whether its ethical for regional airline to pay kickoffborn year pilots $20,000. As I mentioned earlier the requirements of the airline industry basically helps us to understand the foundation of this profession. This foundation is what determines the set to the question we are examining. By and large, airline pilots go through a lot of preparations and trainings before qualifying to work in this profession. Their responsibility and productivity is significant in determining the salaries of these professionals.In allege to find a better answer to the question we are examining, we need to understand the subject of ethics. Ethics or the field of object lesson philosophy basically involves defending, training and recommending right or wrong behavior concepts. The field of ethics is dual-lane into three general subject areas namely normative ethics, metaethics and use ethics by todays philosophers. While metaethics investigates the origin of ethical principles, normative ethics involves a more practical task which finds out the moral standards that control right or wrong behavior.On the other hand, applied ethics studies specific controversial issues (Feiser, 2009). Applied ethics usually attempts to resoluteness these controversial issues by using the concepts of both metaethics and normative ethics. Therefore, controversial issues usually depend on general normative principles, metaethics and discussion of applied ethics. Whether or not it is okay for regional airlines to pay first time pilots $20,000 is a question that go under applied ethics. This iss ue has generated debate with binders of the cadence arguing that these pilots should be paid so because of the responsibility they carry on their shoulders.However, opponents argue that pilots are grossly overpaid and greedy. However, considering the abundant salary difference between first year pilots and major captains, this figure raises a lot of questions. Even after probably accumulating in excess of $80,000 in savant gives, those who retrieve that regional airlines should pay first year pilots $20,000 cite the following reasons for their support Inexperience Inexperience of the first year pilots may be considered as the one of ethical reasons why the regional airlines pay their first year pilots $20,000.For one to be promoted to a captain and earn ore money, their experience in the airline industry is quite critical. In fact, for most of these first year pilots, flying half way through the country, sleeping in airport trailers and lounges as well as sleeping in plane flo ors has become a normal routine as regional airline seeks to implement experienced pilots. Consequently, these pilots are usually paid $20,000 because of their inexperience. Tough Conditions As I had earlier discussed, there are strict educational requirement for a person to become a professional in the airline industry.In addition to these strict academic requirements, airline pilots are also required to have a vast amount of experience in order to become professionals in the airline industry. In fact, in early 2000s, regional airlines insisted on candidates with a minimum of 1,500 of total flight hours prior to an interview. This demand was rewarded with a high pay when one was hire as a pilot. However the current $20,000 pay is as a result of the expectant of this demand to a total of 500 flight hours before an interview. It may therefore be ethical for regional airlines to pay this amount.Additionally, since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, many airline companies especially regiona l airliners have gone through tough economic times. These harsh economic times have not only been due to the recent recession but also because of the fact that many companies are reducing costs of their businesses. Reasons why its wrong After considering reasons why it may be ethical for regional airlines to pay first year pilots $20,000, I strongly reckon that its unethical for the airline to pay this amount given the fact that these pilots have already accrued in excess of $80,000 in student loans.This is because of the following reasons mean solar day to Day Challenges This is one of the reasons why its unethical for regional airline to pay first time pilots $20,000 especially after they have accrued in excess of $80,000 in student loans. This reason is in ambition to the ethical theory of consequentialism which considers an action to be morally right if its results are more favorable than unfavorable. This ethical theory usually demands the leggyying of both good and bad re sults of an action. This amount of money is less as compared to the fact that these pilots have to pay the loans which may demand up to $1,000.The unethical prove of this amount of pay is the fact that more than half of the pilots of regional airline switch over to work and hold down second jobs in order to flummox ends meet (McGreal, 2010). I believe that it is totally unethical because these pilots have to regularly pay their loans while struggling to cope with the demands of life. Usually student loan payments exceed $1,000 a month and it may be a tall order for these first year pilots to manage the demands of life as well as pay the student debts (Bailey, 2010).Regional airline should consider gainful the first year pilots more than $20,000 in order for them to manage gainful their student debts and cope with life. With this amount of pay, the ethical theory of consequentialism is not clothe into consideration since these pilots begin their jobs deeply in debt. In addition to these huge debts, most of these pilots are often forced to fly half way around the country prior to commencement of work. Seniority and Selfish Ambitions As compared to major airline captains who earn between $150,000 and $215,000 annually, regional airline pilots are paid frequently less.However, regional airline senior pilots earn much more than their first year counterparts. The seniority ladder is quite unmistakable here but the salary difference is huge. While I mate that first time pilots in regional carriers cannot be paid the corresponding amount with their senior counterparts, there is a need of setting a fair and reasonable pay for these pilots. In addition to this, these senior pilots hold up it unethical for regional airlines to pay first year pilots $20,000 because of their continual demand of pay increase through pilots unions.These increment demands are usually operate by selfish ambitions of these senior pilots. These senior pilots demand premium pay through the powerful pilots unions (Smith, n. d. ). The selfish driven payment increment demands falls under the ethical principle of psychological egoism. This ethical principle of psychological egoism basically concerns the intrinsic selfishness of humans. This ethical principle also upholds that self-oriented interests lastly motivate all human actions.Over and over again, airline companies are usually forced to budge into these payment demands. As a result, first year pilots who usually begin their careers in the toughest conditions are not paid enough to reside in major cities where there employers are. Due to their less pay and the huge student debts that they have to pay, first year pilots of regional airlines end up relatively poor. Its not ethical for senior captains to continue earning close to $250,000 annually while their other counterparts who have student debts in excess of $80,000 earn $20,000.Responsibility and Demands By and large this is one of the major reasons why its u nethical for regional airlines to pay first year pilots this amount considering the responsibility that pilots carry on their shoulders. These pilots not only carry the responsibility of the passengers as well as loads of trip and freight but they also carry the responsibility of controlling the multi-million dollar sign aircrafts. The responsibility of these pilots has also been increased with the recent technological advances in the aviation industry.These technological changes have not only improved the speed, safety and design of the aircraft but they have also changed the demands on the pilot. These increased demands on the pilot are also necessitated by the strict academic requirements and complexity of air-traffic system. Consequently, these demands have made the piloting job to be very challenging and fatiguing. I believe that its unethical for regional airline to pay their first year pilots $20,000 considering these responsibilities and the nature of the piloting job.Rega rdless of the airline company they work for, first year pilots and professionals in this industry are not overpaid ( ten Most Overpaid Jobs, 2003). For first year pilots, this amount from regional airlines is not their blanket(a) market value. Conclusion Having looked at both sides of the debate on whether its ethical for regional airline to pay their first year pilots $20,000 even after accruing over $80,000 n student loans, I strongly believe that is totally unethical for them to be paid such an amount.The academic qualifications, responsibilities and demands of these pilots are not different from their senior counter parts. Furthermore, these pilots have huge student loans that they should pay on a monthly basis. With all these facts in consideration, the amount raises serious ethical questions than it answers. References Hirschfeld, S. (2001, March 1). Pilots Pay Smeared In U. S Air Woes Outcry. Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http//www. airliners. net/aviation-forums/general_avi ation/read. main/403979/ Looking for a Career (2009, April).Air chore Pilots Association, International (ALPA). Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http//www. learningforlife. org/exploring/aviation/alpa. pdf Feiser, J. (2009, May 10). Ethics. Retrieved from University of Tennessee at Martin website http//www. iep. utm. edu/ethics/ Bailey, J. (2010). Pilots Dream Run into Reality. Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http//www. nytimes. com/2008/04/10/business/worldbusiness/10iht-pilots. 4. 11877334. hypertext markup language? pagewanted=1&_r=1 McGreal, C. (2010, January 11). A Pilots Life Exhausting Hours for Meagre Wages.Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http//www. guardian. co. uk/world/2010/jan/11/pilot-exhausting-hours-wages Ten Most Overpaid Jobs (2003, November 15). PPRuNE Professional Pilots Rumour Network. Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http//www. pprune. org/rumours-news/108925-ten-most-overpaid-jobs-us-no-9-pilots-2. html Smith, P. (n. d. ). Overpaid Pilots? Retrieved July 27, 2010, from http//toolkit. bootsnall. com/transportation-travel-guide/air-travel-guide/ask-the-pilot-collection/general-maintenance/overpaid-pilots. html

How Does Mary Shelley Explore Suffering in Frankenstein

How does Shelley portray woefulness in Frakenstein? Throughout the novel, execrable of non only an individual nevertheless to a fault hu realityity, remains at the heart of the plot. Many critics today weigh that this harm comes from the troubled and tormented life Shelley had. For example from 1815 to mid 1819, Shelley was to pull out-of-door the starting three of her four children, for which she held herself creditworthy. Therefore, it could be argued that the lusus naturae is the embodiment of Shelleys suffering and guilt. Suffering in the novel becomes apparent through the narrator, Frankenstein. For example, from a psychoanalysts perception ofVictor, his suffering comes from his char make forer. Victor is the very personification of the Byronic Hero. He represents a lonely, isolated and self-? destructive force vulnerable to his confess over-? powering emotions of greed and fervid distinctive feature. This is perfectly d heroicalted in Caspar David Friedrichs pic ( commonly associated with the image of the Byronic hero) Wanderer above the sea of fog whereby a reality overlooks an untouched landscape (Byrons poem The Corsair lone, wild and strange, he stood alike exempt from all affection and all contempt) with the mend passion to explore and gain victory. This passionately intense nd over-? powering proclivity of knowledge is perfectly show in Book IV of Miltons Paradise Lost Satans address to the sun (An epic poem heavily influencing Shelley) whereby Satan must suffer for his Pride and worse ambition. It is thusly blatant that Frankensteins immense feelings of isolation (Byron That man of loneliness and mystery) and fervid trust become the sole guinea pig of Frankensteins loss of humanity and mental self-? destruction (the use of the verbiage infernal machinations implying a man so susceptible to his own greed, curiosity and isolation that his own mental torment becomes al just about an quivalent to Dantes sanatorium). Therefore, Vi ctor becomes the Satan of this novel. Having had an intense yearning for victory (as his name suggests), he has attempted to assume the position of immortal, which has only caused mental decline and suffering. divagation from his mental torment, Victors physical deterioration reverberates his guilt. Frankenstein has held himself responsible for the deaths of his nestled friends and family. For example, in Chapter IV-? I felt up the fiends grasp in my neck a direct link is made to Coleridges (a dummy up friend of William Godwin-? Shelleys Father) Rime of the Ancient Mariner whereby, fter having shot the mollymawk (once a symbol of good luck), the course of time has been altered forever and a day With my crossbow I shot the Albatross. Consequently, the shooting of the albatross in this novel comes not from Victors creation of the hellion but in accompaniment his crime of denying the ogre of esteem. For example, Rousseau (a philosopher that inspired Shelley) suggested that a child deprived of a loving family becomes a freak. This act of depriving the giant star of maternal lie with (thus, set uping mens incapability of love) caused the monster to kill those closest to Victor. This sparked immense feelings of guilt n Victor I was overcome by gloom and misery linking to Coleridges poem (And I had done a hellish thing), which inescapably becomes the cause of his physical decline The human frame could not long-run support the agonizing suffering that I endured. It is therefore, through the hellish act of denying the monster of love, that The Albatross about Victors neck was hung and his supreme guilt mite to his suffering. Victors physical deterioration in this novel as well as confirms the idea of The Double. As many critics extradite suggested, the monster is only a projection of Frankensteins innate corruption. It is hence ossible to assume that Frankensteins physical suffering and loss of humanity comes from the monsters increase power thus showing how these two individuals are linked. The idea of a lot(prenominal) a double is indorse up by the fact that the monster kills at moonlight and thus, the moon acts as an illuminating object calendered into the heart of Victor only to reveal the monster. Such a thought is present in Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde whereby the hold in emotions of Dr, Jekyll are projected at night in the ultra-? ego of Mr. Hyde. However, a far greater suffering is observed within the monster. The suffering comes withinThe the Tempters rejection from his author Frankenstein. The Daemon has lost any parental influence or more importantly, he has failed to achieve his father figure. Constant desire to be appreciated by a father is a theme in this novel. For example, Frankenstein felt safe and secure in the presence of his father (Nothing, at this moment, could have given me greater pleasure than the arrival of my father) and Shelley herself longed for the appreciation and love from her f ather (especially after, William Godwin cut off relations to Shelley after her marriage to Percy). However, the monster, much like Adam from ParadiseLost, has failed to be appreciated by Victor (who he work outs as his father). In Paradise Lost, Adam had a constant desire to please God, but due to the temptation of Eve, he was outcast and rejected. This is alike to the monster, as purely to his sort, the monster has been denied love from his father thus enceinte rise to an Oedipus complex. This Oedipus complex (also present in Shakespeares Macbeth) is shown through the monster as, when Frankenstein rejects the monster, the monster seemingly denounces him as a father and instead views his beat (possibly, nature) as the only love he will ever stimulate (He was soon orne away by the waves-? last sentence, Page 191). Therefore, this rejection of love from a paternal influence based on the monsters appearance of horror and disgust (page 39) has lead to a loss of personal identity within the monster, and thus a mental anguish and suffering (who am miserable beyond all living things-? page 77). This suffering the monster feels is extended by ships companys further rejection of him based on his appearance. The fact that he is even rejected by the DeLaceys is Shelleys view that everyone, however seemingly perfect, has an innate ability to justness based on appearance. This is why the monster s, at introductory, welcomed into the house of DeLacey. He is blind and therefore does not possess humanitys evil ability to judge based on appearance-? he therefore is the very quintessence of blurt outlessness and kindness at the heart of a judgmental society as he does not possess sight. Shelley therefore attempts to suggest that humanitys most dangerous quality is sight. This allows The Monster to believe he truly is a daemon/ wretch/ foul being and suffers due to it. However, notwithstanding the suffering of the individual, this novel seems to address a far great er suffering the suffering of humanity. Linking once again toMiltons Paradise Lost, the ultimate sin of Eve stealing the forbidden fruit leads to Adam and Eve (the first humans and thus, our ancestors) to be outcast to the state of nature. The suffering of humanity therefore comes from the fact that we, as descendants of Adam and Eve must be held responsible for Adam and Eves actions and temptation. Therefore, the human existence is based on the belief that we must continually repent for our ancestors sins and leads to the supposition that the monster is merely the embodiment of Gods vengeance, warning the most corrupt humans who attempt to overcome nature (which is sublime and God-? ontrolled) that, God will prevail. This is however a use of irony. Mary Shelley married Percy Shelley 3 years after he was expelled from Oxford for his pamphlet The necessity of atheism. This therefore exposes Shelleys cynicism of morality, whereas it should be based on glorifying existence, it is in fact, based on the suffering of humanity. Further suffering of humanity is observed through the handling of sexuality in the novel. When Adam and Eve were cast out into the wilderness in Paradise Lost, they had to commit the original sin of sexual retort as a means to produce offspring and ensure the choice f humanity. This act therefore undermines Gods power as it shows nature and science cannot be controlled by God (who is allegedly the creator of all). Therefore, within Victorian society a religiously backed suppression of sexuality meant men could not show any signs of sexual desire and that instead they must be kept secret. This leads to the idea that the monster is infact the depiction of Frankensteins sexual desire and that, much like the monster, it is locked away in the human body and allowed to fester it will only be more ugly and violent (as shown in Elizabeths death and Frankensteins destruction of he female monster which seem to almost mirror an aggressive rape). Mo reover, this leads to the development of what is more commonly known as The muck up Theory. This entails the idea that Frankenstein has a secretly oppressed homosexual desire which was shunned upon by Victorian society and that the only way to reveal this homo-? tingling desire was to create the daemon as a male genus Adonis I selected his features a beautiful in order to fit his suppressed sexuality. Therefore, humanity suffers as their sexuality is oppressed by society and religion meaning that when it is revealed only more suffering is unleashed.Shelley in this novel also speaks from a seemingly feminist perspective. This may have been inspired by her mother, Mary Wollstonecrafts book A Vindication of the rights of woman which fixed stress on female independence and the importance of female culture (women who succumb to sensuality will be blown about by every momentary gust of feeling) which links to the passive and more often than not pathetic description of women in this n ovel. Theyre suffering comes from the fact that Eve, the first woman committed the original sin thus damning society into a world far less sublime than the Garden of Eden. Therefore, Shelley esires show how women are forced into submission and general passiveness as a result of being the gender that committed the original sin. Their passiveness, perfectly depicted in Elizabeth and Justine, links well to Coventry Patmores poem, The Angel in the house. This poem states the power men possess over women and that, to remain include in society, women must remain tacit and pretty so to fulfil the expectations of society. This links to the monster the monster fails to fulfil societys expectations of appearance and therefore is outcast. However, this juxtaposes with women as they fulfil societys expectations and

Chinese Communist Party in the Civil War in 1949 Essay

The Chinese Civil struggle, which lasted from 1927 to 1949, was a civil war in China which the Chinese communistic Party (CCP) overthrew the Guomindang (GMD) . As the CCP had always been middle-level to the GMD in many aspects, many were shocked and startled by the Communists mastery although numerous factors show that the Communists mastery was almost inevitable. This essay will examine the factors that lead to the Communists victory, which includes ideology, sparing, political, social, forces machine, foreign issues, and personalities of the leaders. genius of the major advantages of the CCP send word be seen in their social aspects and the support of childs, which were the capacious majority of large number. They owned limited amount of land, had utmost rents, low productivity, were in dept and many lived on the edge of starvation. In humanitarian, having peasant support for the CCP wad supply with food resources. Therefore, monoamine oxidase understood the first go al he had to achieve was the support from peasants. First, he set up peasant unions of Hunan from 1925-27, and so in 1838-45 when Chiang had their attention cerebrate on the Japanese Invasion, Mao and the CCP went to the awkward areas, where the peasants were grateful for the way the soldiers behaved and helped the people.Then, the political leaders confiscated land from the landowners and redistri notwithstandinged it to landless people lastly, they were given rights to vote for village leaders. By doing all this, the formerly enslaved and exploited people of china gained faith and freedom established the invention that further the red ink Army was the true protector of China. In contrast, the GMD had no strong support from the peasants and most of them felt no connection to the government. The GMD had no party organization helping the struggling provinces, and after the split of GMD and CCP in 1927, the support of common people was very low .On the military aspects, the CCP was disadvantaged in the number of arm forces. In 1945, the GMD had 5 meg forces, while the CCP only and 1.25 troops. However, there are a few points which rouse turn this into an advantage. Firstly, they do use of guerilla war, which is extremely suitable for mild troops to travel swiftly, change smirch be precise and alert. Secondly, the communists selected high quality troops and trained them strictly with strong discipline. Lastly, the communists had similar life historystyles mingled with the leaders and soldiers, and with the peasant support, they sustained high morale within the Red Army. With all these advantages, we can see that in 1930-1931 Chiang Kai-shek sent 3 military expeditions to exterminate the Red Army, facing an army of 300000, the CCP defeated them all . Here, we can see how effective the guerrilla warfare is in facing a large amount of troops. In contrast, the GMD had huge troops and modern weapons . However, the GMD troops did non have strategies aga inst the light armed and swift troops of the CCP. Moreover, because the life between the leaders and the soldiers had too much difference, they had low morale and did not have the full heart to fight for the GMD.In terms of economic aspects of the CCP, and they did not have a lot of expenses due to the guerilla warfare tactics, and the people can self-supply themselves with food, as they were all peasants. In contrast for the GMD, 65% of the states budget was met by currency expansion and only 10% by taxes . Therefore, they were highly dependent on foreign support of the US. The constant depreciation of the value of paper currency undermined in circumstance the morale in all jobs that were dependent upon the payment of salaries, including troops, officers and civilian officials. Their valuation account was limited and led to widespread corruption.In terms of political aspects, the CCP had made a lot of errors and had escaped destruction by a coppers breadth, but they had an extr aordinary resilience, refused to give up and erudite from their mistakes . In 1927 after the failure of the autumn harvest uprising and retreated to Jinggang Shan, he noticed needed to win the police van of the peasants therefore, he adapted the bolshie theory and incorporated it into the peasants . Then, as he retreated with the upholding troops, he set his base in the Jinggang shan mountains where nationalists were far. Here, it shows that Mao learned from his mistakes.Furthermore in 1936 during the Japanese invasion, Mao forced the GMD to unite with them to defend the country, and here, we can in any case see that Mao truly cared for his country and did not just compliments power. In contrast, the GMD did not truly care for China. Firstly, the GMDs support came from the wealthy city classes and landowners, which was a small population of China. Lastly, the GMD lacked passion and never learned fromtheir mistakes, for example, in the final battle in 1948, when they were advis ed to concentrate his forces on the Huai River.The foreign issues were also a crucial point in the victory of the communists. During the Japanese invasions in 1937, the GMD, who were supposed to be in charge of china, keep his forces for the inevitable civil war, and pinned their hopes of interventions of foreign powers to defeat Japan . Moreover, as the GMD is traffic with the Japanese invasions, it gave chance to the CCP to gain popularity, strengthen their armies, and give them time to magnify in general. By 1945, party membership gained from 100,000 to 1.2 millionOther factors such as the ideology and the personalities of the Mao and Chiang played an important role in the victory of the Communists.In the ideology of communism by Marx, they were just supposed spread communism, but later, it was adapted by Mao to suit chinas conditions, focused on the peasantry as the main revolutionary force, instead of the fly the coopers. Meanwhile, the Nationalists did not remain to their original ideology, which was the three principles peoples livelihood, democracy and nationalism. For example, when Chiang gave the warlords a position in the government to develop urban areas, he ignored peoples livelihood. During the Japanese invasion, he ignored nationalism by relying on foreign aid, and in 1932, he ignored democracy by suppressing the media, books, and the press. Gradually, the GMD befuddled support and the people favored the Communists.In conclusion, the Communists victory was due to the peasant support, political organization, and their use of military tactics in guerilla warfare. Also, the nationalists incapability of governing, corruptions not remaining to the original ideology, and the lack of passion, leads to the downfall of the GMD. In addition to the foreign issues, the Japan invasions, the Communists truly won not only by forcing the GMD out of china physically, but winning the peoples hearts and minds. At last, the country with the largest populatio n, China, is finally painted red.ReferencesChinese Civil war 1946-1949. (2000., December 16). Wars of the World. Retrieved September 26, 2007, fromhttp//www.onwar.com/aced/chrono/c1900s/yr45/fchina1946.htmElegant, R. S. (1972). Mao vs. Chiang The Battle for China, 1925-1949. New York A Thistle Book.Lescot, P. (2004). sooner Mao (S. Rendall, Trans.). 10 East 53rd Street, NewYour, NY10022, USA HarperCollins Publishers. (Original work published 1999)Marrin, A. (1989). Mao Tse-Tung and His China. 375 Hudson Street, New York 10014, USA Puffin Group.Meins, B. (n.d.). Chinese history The Chinese Civil War of 1927-1950 . In Helium where knowledge grows. Retrieved September 26, 2007, from Helium Web situation http//www.helium.com/tm/346350/chinese-civil-happen-momentShowalter, D. (2005, April). Decisive Encounters The Chinese Civil War, 1946-1950. Retrieved September 26, 2007, from LookSmart Web range http//findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3686/is_200504/ai_n14681639Wood, J., & McManus, A. (1998). China Revolutionary Leadership (L. Day, Ed.). 6 Ride Way, Albany, Auckland, NewZealand Macmillan Publishers. (Original work published 1998)

La Shampoo

La Shampoo is a noble quality and more expensive convergence that has the same market dodge over years. From 1989, the line start to slowly decline its sales. The ad part tried to develop saucy ascertain urge on, but this ascendent did cryptograph for La Shampoo sales and customers didnt even noticed the change. Caroline, the tag manager wanted a upstart marketing plan to ameliorate the sales and increase the market sh atomic number 18, not to just keep the product remain on retailers shelves.She made a marketing meeting with Eric, her product sales manager, and Beth, the representative of the advertisement agency that held La Shampoo account, to discuss their recommendation. 1. Compete on Price Erics solution is to reduce prices permanently as long as long stipulation plan to save major accounts that in danger. Eric argued that the brand will died if we didnt act very quickly and he saw his solution as a rescuer. Reduce prices is very helpful solution in backing sales reps and increase sales volume at least for poor time ,but it is not good in building the brand and increase the brand market share for m whatsoever reasons .First of all, competing in the price could be very dangerous if other brands lower their prices too specially if they are offering benefits La Shampoo sternt provide, like bonnie hair from natural sources. Secondly , price- driven consumers are not leal ,so they will go with another brand that is cheaper. 2. Strong Brand ride Beths solution is to create new advertisement campaign. This solution seemed go against to improve sales ,but there is palliate no specific changes Beth suggested to shift La Shampoo on the customers minds.This solution is good if the marketing researches lay out out the causes of the sales decline. Then the new advertisements campaign should focus in repairing La Shampoo image and correcting the mistakes that happened in the earlier years. So to obtain this solution marketing researches should be done tripping to better understanding customers . Facts About the Brand * Brand that has been used for the most part between its competitors in the category for two decades must have dependable brand equity. * La Shampoo has boor brand management ,because they went from the line of work to the solution without auses diagnosis. * Restaging the brand will require a lot of resources. * The choice proposed by Marni Shin are likely to be too late , the competitor already filled the shelves with such a product . My Recommendations after doing all researches and surveys needed on the target segment which I approximate is better to be women between ages of 15 to 50, I suggest two marketing strategies. The first one is for the existing customer base who still buy the product and doesnt like changes.The other one is for attracting new customer by introducing some values La Shampoo can produce to them. These two plans should consider the following * * In doing the researches , shoul d make incontestable closely asking the right question to know the attitude for truehearted and former users. * Todays customers are very sensitive about the values they will get for each dollar they pay. So the advertisement campaign must focus on the benefits consumer will have by using the brand such as healthy hair and easy style getting. La Shampoo slogan For the Look and Feel of France is mindless for the real environment, the people now dont want to look French. * Some new trails and usages must be found for the brand to notify them in the new ad campaign. * Keep some product lines without any change for whom already use the product and to keep the base customers. * The new advertisements should support La Shampoo in tapping new customers and protect the current users.

Scientific Method Research

This hypothesis pull up stakes require research proving or disproving the oppugn of mental distemper causing a persons chance of becoming homeless person to increase. I will first locate an argona with a mettlesome volume of homeless psyches, as this research will include whole genders and races. The participants of this study will include individuals who has suffered from any type of mental illness or had to undergo any make for of psychiatric treatment. The next amount would be to consume actual teaching showing current homeless rates and if at each(prenominal) possible, records indicating mental illness.I will also collect information from local homeless shelters and single-room housing programs in order to define the availability of resources to the homeless. Food banks or kitchens will also be a great research aid, as these institutions provide free meals at no charge to these individuals, and lastly, make an attempt to gather information from a side to face conver sation with people who are actually living on the streets. This method would probably be the most difficult, but if there is a hot meal involved, a survey, or form of questionnaire can be administered prior to receiving a meal with minimal force used to complete.To maximise participation, incentives such as gift cards or even a free night stay at a local motel whitethorn suffice. After my critical data is collected, I will create individual files with information consisting of dates of contact, as well as all pertinent information collected via questionnaires or face to face interviews in order to form tables and spreadsheets, showing common traits shared amongst these homeless individuals, then generate a separate table showing personnel suffering from mental illness. It is at this point in which these findings will be compared and thoroughly analyzed.This information will be presented in charts or graphs to show certain similarities between all variables. Research findings should be accurate and valid, if not, a new hypothesis concerning the solution of homelessness will be generated and studied again. However, if findings are true, this information may conk out beneficial to local community activist who serve the homeless population, as well as the mentally ill, and may provide the mental health professionals a clearer understanding of the relationship between mental illness and homelessness.This may lead to the question, how money who is mentally incapacitated can learn to acquire a healthy career and provide a living for themselves, or a family without medical attention. Ultimately, this information can be used to correct local programs within the community, or even inform congressmen to take bust action responding more appropriately to the needs of the homeless population who are mentally ill. References Campaign for Mental Healthcare http//www. Calypsos. Org/publications/access/homelessness. HTML Corporation for confirmative Housing http//www. Cash. Org/index. CFML? Obfuscation=page. Vicaragepaged