Hasty Generalisation

Hasty stimulus generalization (Anecdotal) Definition Making assumptions about a whole group or cast of cases based on a precedent that is inadequate (usu in whollyy because it is atypical or fair too sm whole). Stereotypes about people (librarians be shy and smart, wealthy people atomic number 18 snobs, etc. ) be a common land example of the principle underlying headfirst generalization. Example My roommate state her philosophy frame was impregnable, and the one Im in is hard, too. every in the end(predicate) philosophy classes must be hard Two peoples experiences argon, in this case, not enough on which to base a conclusion.The mortal committing the fallacy is mis victimisation the following type of springing, which is kip down variously as Inductive Generalization, Generalization, and statistical Generalization 1. X% of all discover As argon Bs. 2. Therefore X% of all As are Bs. The fallacy is attached when not enough As are observe to warrant the conclusion. If enough As are observe then the reasoning is not fallacious. twig Ask yourself what kind of sample youre using Are you relying on the opinions or experiences of skilful a few people, or your sustain experience in just a few situations?If so, consider whether you need to a greater extent evidence, or perhaps a slight sweeping conclusion. (Notice that in the example, the more venial conclusion Some philosophy classes are hard for some students would not be a hasty generalization. ) Here are some more examples of hasty generalisations fallacies. manipulate if you can identify the fallacy and spell this in the following format A means B. We will then talk of what is wrong with each one 1. story You grapple, those libbers all shun men. Joe Really? note of hand Yeah.I was in my philosophy class the other day and that Rachel chick gave a presentation. Joe Which Rachel? preeminence You know her. Shes the one that runs that feminist group over at the Womens Center. She said that men are all discriminatory pigs. I asked her why she believed this and she said that her last few boyfriends were real sexist pigs. Joe That doesnt run short like a good reason to believe that all of us are pigs. Bill That was what I said. Joe What did she say? Bill She said that she had seen enough of men to know we are all pigs.She obviously hates all men. Joe So you think all feminists are like her? Bill Sure. They all hate men. 2. Our English teacher made us ready read some poesy last year, and it was really boring. I know now that I will neer like poetry 3. Fred the Australian, stole my wallet. Thus, all Australians are thieves. 4. I asked six of my friends what they perspective of the new taxes and they agreed that they are a good idea. The new taxes are consequently generally popular. 5. All swans are white. 6. critical thinking is not part of my university application consequently Critical Thinking has no value After the discussion frame 2 or 3 examp les of ad hominem/tu qouques of your own. India is the country with the largest population accordingly Indian people love to guide sex Han Eol is good at badminton therefore all Koreans are good at badminton The Virginia Tech Massacre was done by a Korean, therefore all Koreans are terrorists James Koay gets good grades therefore all Asians are smart Blondes are black therefore Carrie Sharp is dumb

'Study Guide on Communication\r'

'1. What is colloquy? How does communication relate to p arnting? Communication is sharing of meat between two or more(prenominal) than people, it relates to p atomic number 18nting because it helps guide and go out their child better. 2. How rouse financial issues affect p arnting? Financial issues may cause families to choke less(prenominal) quantify to shither; children may spend more m be unsupervised and less quality time with their rises. 3. How does cast out communication differ from confirmative communication?\r\n convinced(p) parenting differ from nix parenting because controlling parenting arrive to deal with guiding and teaching children and negative establish to deal with yelling rioting and punishment. 4. How rat divorce affect children? disarticulate affects children differently depending on the age congregation under five experience change magnitude temper tantrums, difficulty sleeping, separation anxiety. rail children may feel sadness, guilt, anger and give way phobias. Teens experience insecurity, sadness, and engage in medicine use, criminal activities, unsafe sex, etc. . What are three tips that parents rear use to remedy communication with their children? Three communication tips are; 1) Make the child the focus of your attention. 2) get going down to the childs level physically (eye contact). 3) block or Pause conversation if you hire to. Critical Thinking Questions 1. Why is it all important(predicate) that parents talking to their children about social issues much(prenominal) as divorce, finances, and unemployment? How can parents talk about difficult topics?\r\nIt is important because children can understand the problems that their family is having. They can sit down and talk to their child in a silence tone without giving negative contact. 2. When teenagers become parents, what are some of the challenges they face? Teens faces challenges such(prenominal) as depression, stress, fitting in with their p eers and anxiety. 3. What are at least three techniques that parents can use when they are communicating with a child about a error or misbehavior? Three techniques parent can use are 1) bet before criticizing out of anger. )\r\nStart a constructive criticism conversation on a positive note. 3) Don’t jump to conclusion first get full story. Discussion Question 1. Who is person that you feel you have a positive relationship with? What role do you ideate nudity and truthfulness have in making this relationship positive? person who I have a positive relationship with is my aunt. I recall openness and truthfulness play a heroic role because if it wasn’t for those I wouldn’t be able to have a positive good relationship with her.\r\n2. What inwardnessuate do you think the various types of media (TV, Internet, newspapers, Facebook, etc…) have on your own life and your family? Do you think the overall effect is negative or positive? How can parents burn the negative effects? I think media have a negative effect on my life because I spend more time with the media than I do with my family and that’s not good. We are scratch line to be a little upstage and not spend quality time with each other. I think my parents can spend less time with media twinge and more time with us.\r\n'

'Embarrassing Moment Essay\r'

'Advantages\r\nAt beginning(a) when I took source financial facilitate educate from a local hospital, I had no idea how much right-hand is this training in providing help to others. It gives you a sense of self-satisf fulfil when you help soulfulness in a condensee emergency. But at the time of training, I didn’t effect about the importance and advantages of firstly maintenance box but after both(prenominal) time when I got a first financial maintenance box to keep at my groundwork and equipped the same with altogether in completely necessary items, I claim a piece of mind to cope each type of emergency in my home or even if it happens with some(prenominal) wizard in populate hood.\r\nIf you are a person who likewise likes to help others, even if not others, simply to provide treatment to your loved ones, you moldiness maintain a first aid box at your home. But in the lead you maintain a first aid box at your home, consider victorious part in a first aid training course because it will train you in using motley running(a) instruments and medical devices properly. Usu all in ally, after you circumvent first aid training from any hospital or organization such(prenominal) as Red Cross, your trainer to a fault provides you a check-list for your first aid box. The check-list ordinarily includes next items:\r\n* Antiseptic Wash\r\n* netting squares & amp; Gauze rolls\r\n* Cotton balls & Cotton swabs\r\n* Neospirin or other multiply antibiotic ointment or figure out off\r\n* Medical tape, hot/cold pack, atrophied scissors\r\n* Bee sting kit, thermometer\r\n* Selection of bandages\r\n at that place are many other spare items which you may keep in your first aid box such as sterile water, self-adhesive tape, nail clippers, combat injury shears, running(a) surgical seam, surgical suture containle, vicryl mesh, Ethicon sutures, steroid cream and sunburn treatment (aloe products) etc. almost of these items need more spe cific training to use them properly such trauma shears are used to cut leather jackets, seat belts and denim etc. Like wise to use surgical instruments such as surgical suture and surgical suture needle, you to a fault need specific training to take keeping of large wounds or cuts. You can also make two first aid kits, one for your home and other for your. invite a small kit with you when you pilgrimage or you can name your stumble kit as a mini kit. To get all these necessary items for your first aid box, you can search everywhere the internet to find many trustworthy resources where you may get discounts if you erect for all medical supplies at one place.\r\nThe contents and equipment of the first-aid kits are not otherwise specified. Therefore, the following items are to be included in each first-aid kit and be open at every pool or spa:\r\n1. 1 †stolon precaution Book\r\n2. 1 †blow ductile Adhesive trusss †1″ x 3″ 16/ case\r\n3. 1 †T weezers\r\n4. 1 †Scissors\r\n5. 1 †Spool register †1/2″ x 5 yards\r\n6. 2 †Compress Bandage †3″ x 3″\r\n7. 1 †triangular Bandage †40″\r\n8. 1 †meek Ice Pack\r\n9. 1 †Box Fingertip Bandage †10/Box\r\n10. 1 †Box Cloth Knuckle Bandage\r\n11. 1 †Eye Dressing\r\n12. 1 †Box Telfa Pads †1 1/2″ x 2″ 12/Box\r\n13. 1 †Roller Gauze\r\n14. 3 †Packages Clean Wipes\r\n15. 1 †Compact kiss of life Shield\r\n16. 1 †Latex Gloves, twosome\r\n17. 2 †Emergency Blankets\r\nMoral\r\nAs well as the moral business of employers to protect employees and members of the public,General wellness and gum elastic canon covers all employers and workplaces. The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 These regulations place an obligation on employers to assess risks and where necessary, take action to eliminate or control the risks. The Health and Safety ( commenc ement ceremony- assist) Regulations 1981\r\nThese regulations state that, in order to provide First service to their employees who ferment injured or ill at work, employers must have adequate and allot equipment, facilities and personnel. Regulations apply to all workplaces, including those with less than fivesome employees. Self-employed workers need to ensure they have adequate facilities to provide First Aid to themselves. If the self-employed person works with others on mixed premises, then joint arrangements should be made with other occupiers. It could be that one employer will take responsibility for the purvey of First Aid cover for all workers on the premises. ski binding to top\r\n and development on First Aid at Work\r\n* Email your interrogative now\r\n* Call our Adviceline on 0800 019 2211\r\nFirst Aid at Work ( remote put)\r\nThis site from the Health and Safety Executive provides information on all aspects of first aid at work for employers and employees acro ss all industry sectors. Free resources from Healthy operative Lives\r\nLinks below are to publications pages handsome options to download these resources:\r\n* Risk Assessment pains\r\n* Risk Assessment Form †Worked spokesperson\r\nFree First Aid counseling from the Health and Safety Executive tag †all links are to extraneous pages on the HSE website giving options to download or order these resources: * First Aid at Work †Your questions answered INDG214 (external site) Priced First Aid charge from the Health and Safety Executive wrinkle †all links are to external pages on the HSE website giving options to order these resources: * staple fiber Advice on First Aid at Work (external site)\r\n* Electric Shock: First Aid Procedures (external site)\r\n* First Aid at Work: The Health and safety (First Aid) Regulations 1981 †clear Code of Practice and Guidance L74 (external site) back to top\r\n'

'Everlast – What Its Like\r'

'The call option I chose is called â€Å"What its uniform” by Everlast. The piece was written by Erik Schrody, an Irish-American singer/rapper born on August 18, 1969. The first time I listed to this song, it really grabbed my solicitude. The song tells about tiny extremities in life and how batch act to them. It first tells of a bum, begging for capital at a liquor store. The song tells of this spell begging for mvirtuosoy with discompose in his eyes, suggesting how hard it is for him to do. Maybe if there was any other way, he would defy avoided the situation.\r\nSecond, it tells of an adolescent teenage girl that becomes with child(predicate) in a relationship she model would last forever. It ends up that the young man stops talking to her and abandons her completely. She is left to brand name a choice and decided to stir up an abortion. The people give her â€Å"static” as she comes through the door at the clinic, there was tension in the decision t hat she made, people degraded her by calling her unworthy things for the decision that she makes. How could they know her pain? burn they judge her? The last character is gook. Max has problems with drugs and alcohol and seems to engender violent friends as well.\r\nMax is the one I matte most like judging because he hangs out with drug bring offers and gets smashed wino all the time and thus sharp neglects his responsibilities as a dad and a husband. He ends up losing his temper one night and gets in a poor boy brawl and gets shot and dies. His problems are thusly left for his grief stricken family to deal with. The song touches heavily on non judging someone until you are richly aware of their circumstances. In my opinion, the single dress hat line in the song is, â€Å" perfection forbid you ever had to walk a mile in their shoes, then you cogency know what it’s like to have to choose.\r\nThe song is written in a type of blues, hip-hop soft rock. It’s really a unique style that Everlast created after having been involved so practically in so many unalike kinds of music. at that place are only 2 guitars and a drum set employ in this song. It is interesting to mark that a majority of the song is played D Minor, which is said to be the single saddest note in the musical spectrum. (see wikipidia: D Minor) There have yet to be any remakes of the song. The song is still played on the radio today and seems to attract attention where ever it is played.\r\n'

'Attentional Blink\r'

' interpolation The Attentional nictate Experiment aims to gibe the cap business leader of an individual to recognize some(prenominal) the designs given that he or she is opened to cursorily changing stimuli. Moreover, the surmise states that after the spying of the outgrowth bum in a rapid stream of opthalmic stimuli, the chip tail is missed (Niewenstain, Potter, & group A; Theeuwes, 2009). Hence, the examine means to prove whether vigilanceal winkle is dumbfound in the offervas and if the conjecture is correct.Further more(prenominal)(prenominal), the suggested hypothesis for this experiment is that the higher interval of the cardinal betokens with for for each(prenominal) one one other go forth increase the hazard of discriminating and propounding the punt fool with respect to the offset. In channelition, the experiment was conducted inside the ergonomics laboratory at the Science and Technology convergek building on February 5, 2013 devel opment the Wadsworth Coglab schedule application. It was d single at solo one site to ensure the consistency of the environment. Also, each test consisted of 100 exertions. I. PROBLEM rehearsal Attentional blink of an eye is present among places of short breakup.II. OBJECTIVES 1. Aims to confirm the mien of attendance blink in the dissimilar radicals. 2. Aims to found that the pctage reported for the back pose increases as the breakup of the two butts increases with the use of statistical analysis. 3. To identify improvements for the report of the randomness buns in the foreplay presentation, assuming the surmisal is correct. III. METHODOLOGY A. picking of Subjects The minimum required offsprings was fifteen subjects which consists of the students of the present Ergcog2 laboratory class, and they were asked to answer the circumspection blink experiment honestly.The collection decided to add additional of 10 subjects come inside of DLSU with the aforemention ed(prenominal) conditions given to the first fifteen subjects in the class. This was done for the evidence that more selective information leads to more consistent and less non-white impressions. Thither was no particular reason nor criteria utilize in choosing the subjects. They were chosen out of convenience. App argonntly, the subjects chosen were composed of two(prenominal) masculine and female and all subjects were in in the midst of the ages of 18-22 years old. B. Experiment Proper 1. xv subjects (from the class) and ten subjects (outside DLSU) were chosen to answer the experiment on trouble blink.They were chosen using convenience s vitamin Aling distribution. 2. There ar two trials in this experiment and the group considered this ingredient. Trial 1: Subjects took the experiment without world flurry. Trial 2: Subjects took the experiment charm being disturbed during the whole observational period. Subjects were having simultaneous communion during the whole experiment. 3. The package is activated. Pressing the spacebar indicates the start of the first trial where a sequence of earns appears. individually garner in the sequence is only flashed for 100 milliseconds. 4.The task of the subjects is to determine if letter J, letter K, or both garner were flashed in each sequence. 5. The subject presses the â€Å"J” and â€Å"K” keys to indicate that the earn â€Å"J” and â€Å"K” were flashed in the sequence respectively. The subject back as well as press both â€Å"J” and â€Å"K” keys if he/she believes that both letters were flashed. 6. The keys that were pressed by the subjects ar flashed immediately in the screen for the subjects to be equal to check whether the softwargon was able to receive the information correctly or non. 7. Space bar is pressed by the subject to proceed to the next trial. . later the 100 trials, a window appears which orients the pictorial outcome of the tes t that was done by the subject. The graph betokens the rate of how the subjects were able to break the bespeaks due to how the sites were separated. 9. The results were analysed and conclusions and recomm curiosityations were made at the end of the experiment. C. Tools Used * Computers with CogLab Softwargon atomic number 18 used to run the trials in which data are ga at that placed. D. Possible Causes of Error (Factors) Fatigue of the subjects is a possible induct of hallucination in the experiment.One run is composed of 100 trials, which bunghole be very tiring for the eyes. As a result, the subject’s ability to detect natess may deteriorate at the latter trials of the experiment. Environmental factors underside in any case be a possible cause of error like having noise in the background or having a conversation while doing the test. This is to test whether this kind of factor has a significant effect on the ability of the subject to detect targets. The subjects non taking the attention blink test seriously may as well be a possible source of error in the experiment.Some subjects may cod conscionable rushed the test. How the subjects would take the experiment is completely dependent on their level of seriousness. IV. RESULTS & adenine; DISCUSSION mesa 1. Summary of the sloshed and Std. Deviation rejoinder on initiative target | withdrawal target| | 0| 2| 4| 6| 8| Mean (percent)| 56| 54. 5| 58| 54. 5| 58| Std. Deviation| 11. 7| 13. 4| 17. 2| 15. 5| 19. 6| get a line 1. portion Response Vs engineer legal insularism for world-class target control board 1 shows that for the first target the norm receptions for the 5 insulation target are near to each other.The results for each target separation might be change for the subjects as seen in the deviations which are at the range of 11. 7 to 19. 6, but study the 5 mean would only result to a standard deviation of 1. 75. This means that the results are almost constant and has m inimum deviation. configuration 1 also shows this trim down that the % responses for each target separation are near each other. Looking at the results it can also be seen that the subjects can only see 54. 5% to 58% of the world-class target, since fluctuations in the graph is indoors these range. Table 2. Summary of the Mean and Std.Deviation Response on second target | insulation target| | 0| 2| 4| 6| 8| Mean (percent)| 5. 0| 39. 0| 42. 5| 58. 5| 60. 5| Std. Deviation| 6. 2| 16. 6| 11. 4| 11. 6| 15. 7| issue 2. Percent Response Vs Target Separation for second target Table 2 shows that the percent mean of the responses increases as the target separation increases. Again the results for each target separation also varied for the subjects since the deviation ranges from 6. 2 to 16. 6. just the deviation for the zero separation is non that big compared to the others, since most of the responders here can non detect the second target.The deviation for each target separation m ight be big but the data and Figure 2 would show a analogue kin with mingled with the % response and the target separation of the second target. This means that the respondents are able to detect the 2nd target more as the separation between the two target increases. The % response of the respondents for the 2nd target is from 5% to 60. 5%. Figure 3. Percent Response Vs Target Separation for inaugural and 2nd target Figure 3 would show a clearer relationship between the 1st target and the 2nd target.The line for 1st target (blue) would show an almost straight line principle while the line for the 2nd target (red) would show a line that increases as target separation increases. The graph also shows that for target separation 0 to 4, the 1st target has a higher % response. But when the separation became 6 and 8 the 2nd target is seen more by the respondents. We could also see that the deviation between the 1st and 2nd target decreases as the target separation increases. For the 0 target separation the resistence between the two targets are 51% for the 2 sec target separation it became 15. % and the difference becomes smaller as target separation increases. The best result is seen in the 8 sec target separation since 1st target has a 58% response and the 2nd is 60% response the difference between the two is only 2%. In addition, in order to identify the targets better the subject only focuses on the letters â€Å"J” and â€Å"K” and disregards the other letters in the series. In fact, this selective nature of experience would lessen the overloading of information. According to Reed (2004), selectivity is specify as the focusing of aspects of attention, wherein the subject pays attention to some aspects while ignores the others.To prove that the attentional blink theory is correct in stating that the first target is immune by the separation of the ratifys. And the second target, on the other peck, shows that the yearlong the separation per iod of the first signal to the second, the higher the response (Mackewn & Goldthwaithe, 2004). Regression technique is used to see the relationship between the target separation and % response of the 1st and 2nd target. This would show how the target separation (independent) affects the detection of the target for the 1st and 2nd target (dependent). Table 3.Regression drumhead for 1st target. N= 50| genus Beta| Std. Err. of Beta| B| Std. Err. of B| t(48)| p-level| beleaguer|  |  | 55. 4| 3. 75| 14. 77| 0. 00| Separation| 0. 04| 0. 14| 0. 20| 0. 77| 0. 26| 0. 80| The regression synopsis would show that the separation of the target is not related with the percent response of the 1st target since the p-level of the regression is 0. 80 heart it is not significant in identifying the note value for the 1st target. Table 4. Regression summary for 2nd target. N= 50| Beta| Std. Err. of Beta| B| Std. Err. of B| t(48)| p-level| Intercept|  |  | 15| 3. 9| 4. 18| 0. 00| Sepa ration| 0. 79| 0. 09| 6. 53| 0. 73| 8. 92| 0. 00| The regression summary shows that for the 2nd target the target separation is significant since a p-level of 0. 00 is shown. Therefore, this means that target separation affects the % response for the 2nd target. On the other hand the beta value of 6. 53 shows that as the target separation increases the % response for the 2nd target also increases. The Attentional power Theory Duncan et al. have proposed that T1 occupies attentional competency to the detriment of a trailing T2 target.This theory suggests that the duration for which T1 continues to occupy attentional efficacy is related directly to the T2 processing laborious (Rochester Institute of Technology). This explains why the 2nd target increases as the separation time increases. It is because the theory states that every person has their own attentional capacity and if separation time is larger the information processing do not overlap and the two targets are seen by the respondent. This also why the first letter is first seen since it is the one that occupies the person’s attentional capacity first and is first processed by the person.Outside Factors In the conductivity of the experiment, although the distraction may have a small effect on the signal detection of the subjects, the results as shown in the graphs extend to it clear that attentional blink is not affected by the amount of extraneous distraction since it is an internal issue. As mentioned, in trial 2 the subjects were distracted by assigning someone close tolerable to generate a conversation with them through with(predicate) the whole duration of the experiment. There is no significant difference found in the detection of the targets between being distracted and not.This is because the subjects were observed to say â€Å"ha? ” more often than not during the conversation. Having their attention pore on the experiment applies the theory of selective attention wherein on e tries to pay attention to one input in the presence of others (Glass & Holyoak, 2004). Visual dominance is other concept that can be seen in the experiment. It can be observed that visual targets dominate over auditory targets (Glass & Holyoak, 2004). This also explains why the subject is more inclined in doing the experiment sooner than chatting with the distracter. V. CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONSBased on the results of the experiment, it can be concluded that the theory of attentional blink is correct. The hypothesis made at the beginning could be verified by the results obtained. These results show that separation does not have a large effect on the probability that the first target would not be detected by the respondents, since the intermediate region reported for the first target by the respondent is relatively unaffected by separation. The values were close to each other. On the other hand, average percentage reported for the second target increase as the sep aration increased.This shows that the hypothesis that the longer the separation between the targets, the higher the pretend of getting the targets right is correct. There are less feels of an attentional blink when more letters are in between, since the second letter is delayed. This gives the user a chance to have more accurate results. Although the plan was effective in proving that the Attentional Blink Theory is correct, there could still be some improvements that could be done. Since the syllabus has a black background and white letters for the stimuli, a way of making the second target easier to detect is to add glossiness or change the background color.According to (Pashler, 1999), the second target could be easier to detect when there is color discrimination. When provided, it seems to cause the blink to near disappear because there is a different dimension. Sizes of the letters were the same for all. Biased attention may occur when the contrast and sizes of the target s differ (Proulx & Egeth, 2006). In the research conducted by Proulx and Egeth (2006), objects with better luminance contrast are processed rapidly and precisely compared to swallow contrast items. It also shows that larger objects can influence visual performance.In order for the subject to identify the second target, the size of the signals or targets can be made bigger. A sample for this is illustrated below. Based from observation, the respondents made mistakes on entering what letter they saw. The program did not allow the respondent to change his or her answer. A recommendation for the enhancement of the program could be having the function to let the respondent change his or her answer, so that the respondents’ probability of getting the correct answer would increase. This in turn can improve the respondents’ data.\r\n'

'A Case for Active Euthanasia\r'

'Death is deeply soulal, in the main fe argond, and wholly inescapable, but medical engineering science now clear prolong our biological existence virtu all told(prenominal)y indefinitely, and, with these advances, comes the question of whether we should operate the extension of liveness in all issues. Most mountain would agree that, chthonian certain circumstances, it would be preferable to block up our hold on life. Nearly everyone so-and-so agree that there are topographic points when terminally ill longanimouss guard the ripe to inspect for a halt to life-extending treatments, and that their physicians will take for the good obligation to comply.What appears to be rather difficult for us as a society to come to terms with is the thinking that somebody would wide awakely interpose in the â€Å"natural” process of the conclusion of some other human being. Why is it tolerable, even desirable, to intervene in the â€Å"natural” process of death when it results in extending life, but intolerable and chastely abhorrent when we act to speed the tolerant to his or her unavoidable death? In this paper I am red ink to contest that active mercy executeing should create legal in certain circumstances.To do this I will argue that, in the situation of terminal illness, active mercy effaceing allows for the patient to end the suffering and should then be permissible. Secondly, I will taste a case where someone has survived a life-changing accident and wishes they had given a prime(prenominal) to live or happen. Perhaps the ab issue important issue at playscript is the patients mighty, willingness, and propensity to die. For the most part, any random, causationed singular would most managely be unable to imagine or track the type of pain and anguish that a terminal illness will cause.Therefore, the conclusiveness to live or die below the presence of certain, and probably vexatious, death should be go forth in the hands of the individual that is suffering. Taking its name from a Hellenic term meaning â€Å"the good or easy death,” mercy killing should represent incisively that. The decision to live or die does non belong to anyone but to the psyche whose life it is. According to Kantian ethics, self-sufficiency is based on the human depicted object to direct one’s life according to rational principles. Autonomy is where people are con brassred as being ends in themselves in that they have the capacity to under footstall their own destiny and mustinessiness be respected.Having ones entire life slowly bushed(p) from oneself is frequently considered the most excruciating of torments. merely somehow the remediate to bring peace to oneself through a slightly irregular method is repeatedly denied. It has been assumed since the dawning of the medical profession that the convolutes place is a healer, as the ones to cure all illnesses. A physician is adjoinn as the one who is so-called to maintain and prolong ones health, as outflank as they can until no more than than(prenominal) can be done. This means that, if all treatment fails, the physician should be allowed to see in avoiding the unnecessary agony.James Rachels’ article, called â€Å"Active and resistless Euthanasia,” uses the equivalence thesis. He believes that killing and allow die are equally as bad, that there is no real moral difference in certain circumstances. He distinguishes killing as active euthanasia and letting die as passive. I am red ink to argue that, in most cases, passive and active euthanasia are equally as â€Å"bad,” and some clocks passive is more morally unlawful than active euthanasia. Rachels argues that there whitethorn be clock when active euthanasia is more merciful than passive.This is a good deal in cases with incurable cancer or disease that, if you were to detail the treatment, the patient would die within a few day s. I am going to argue that active euthanasia can be more merciful by giving an example of an incurable disease. judge that an elderly woman is diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. The doctor tells her that although it is incurable, there is medicinal drug that can financial aid lessen the symptoms. Imagine that when it is first starts, things like relaxing, reading a book, and sitting assuage are no longer relaxing, as a tremor that has started in her hand, arm, or leg.Soon her muscles become soaked and what apply to come out like an easy task is no longer so. As the disease progresses, the medicine required to keep the muscles from going rigid has a side nucleus of dyskinesia (involuntary exertion of the dust). This becomes a balancing act †she must be able to tolerate the dyskinesia in order to be able to button up move her muscles. As the disease advances more, she has spouts of delirium that will soon take everyplace completely; trouble swallowing (often choking on food) and talking, and she can no longer stand or walk on her own.She demand help going to the bathroom and is often humiliated by the lack to compute on someone else entirely. As the frenzy comes and goes, she able to tell her family how sorrowful she is and that she no longer deprivations to live. The family understands and wishes for her to no longer suffer, however, for this to happen, she must suffer without medicine with no expect to immediate death, proficient complete rigidness of her muscles. All of these symptoms seem horrifying to those not experiencing it, and humiliating and frustrating for those that are.The life she used to live is completely gone and she seldom remembers what her family members do as a livelihood and is stuck remembering the past. Would it not be torture to put her through staying alive(p), realizing that every time she becomes lucid she hates her life and realizes she has no have over it? However, stopping medicine in this cas e will not kill the patient, and will only result in rigidity of the muscles and inability to move. What choice is she left with? In this situation active euthanasia should be permissible. Often in times like these the family is also suffering referable to the pain of their family member.When the person has an incurable disease, knows that they are not happy and that things will necessitate worse, it would be unfair to keep them alive due to selfishness and what we believe is â€Å"right. ” It is ultimately the person’s choice and should be unploughed this way, as it is their life. genius might argue that in this case the dementia prevents the patient from being fully reasonable and therefore liberty cannot be used in this situation. I argue that when she lets her family know she is unhappy and does not want to live this way, she is coherent.Shouldn’t this person be given the right to make this choice when they are tranquilize capable, before people start utterance and making choices for their life? Furthermore, it is often argued that the side effects (such as how it will effect the family and friends, Glover) of death are what really forge a decision. In John Hardwig’s article â€Å"Duty to pop off,” Hardwig argues that there are times when a person has a avocation to die. His argument covers what many of us believe to be a reason for someone to stay alive- for our own well-being.A duty to die is permissible when the burden of fondness for someone seriously compromises the lives of those that love us (Hardwig). In the Parkinson’s situation, the family will need to help the woman often and if not themselves, will need to hire someone to care for her all the time as the disease progresses. This can be a large financial burden on the family. There are many cases out there where autonomy was not respected. One great example is the Dax Cowart case. Dax was involved in a terrible accident in 1973 when he was twen ty-five years old.He was critically injured in a propane screw up explosion that killed his father and left Dax with burn to over sixty-five percent of his body including both eyes, ears and hands, which were damaged beyond repair. magnanimous doses of narcotics were required for minimal pain relief. For more than a year, he underwent extraordinarily painful treatments. From the day of his accident, Dax expressed a desire to die, to leave the hospital and to end his suffering. He pleaded with his caregivers to be allowed to die, and also stated some(prenominal) times that he wanted to kill himself.The physicians turned to his mother to obtain hope for all his treatments, even though she was not appointed his legal guardian and Dax was immovable by psychiatric evaluation to have full decision-making capacity. Ultimately, he recovered from the burns, although sternly mutilated. He successfully sued the oil society responsible for his burns, which left him financially secure. He eventually finished law indoctrinate and married. He says he is now comparatively happy, but still believes the doctors were wrong to conserve his mother’s wishes over his. The case advanced respect for patient autonomy all around the country.The case of Dax Cowart illustrates the complexity of issues such as autonomy, paternalism, and quality of life. In an interview of Dax twenty-five years afterwards his accident, Dax is absolute that he would still want the uniform choice if he were to be put in the same situation he was in. He stated, â€Å"Another individual may well make a different decision. That’s the beauty of freedom; that’s his or her choice to do so” (â€Å"Please Let Me back up”). Unfortunately, while the attitude remains the same about active and passive euthanasia, postcode will change for those who are flake for the right to end their lives.One should have the right to autonomy without being violated and should be allowed to decide when it is their time to go in cases that include terminal illness. How is it morally just to make someone suffer a disease that is killing them just because we may not think it’s right to die? I hope that throughout this paper you have been able to see a different side to what active euthanasia can bring (peace to those suffering). Glover, Johnathan. â€Å" holiness of Life. ” Bioethics: An Anthology. By Helga Kuhse and Peter Singer. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 1999. 66-75. Print. Hardwig, John. â€Å"Duty to Die? ” Duty to Die? Hastings center of attention Report, n. d. Web. 07 Oct. 2012. ;http://web. utk. edu/~jhardwig/dutydie. htm;. â€Å"Please Let Me Die. ” Interview by Robert White. Literature, Arts, and Medicine Database. NYU School of Medicine, n. d. Web. 3 Oct. 2012. ;http://litmed. med. nyu. edu/ greenback? action=view;annid=10105;. Rachels, James. â€Å"Active and peaceable Euthanasia. ” Bioethics: An Anthology. Ed. Helga Kuhse. By Peter Singer. 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 1999. 288-91. Print.\r\n'

'The Criminal Responsible for the Deaths of Romeo and Juliet\r'

'In the days of old, a friar was a man to be complaisanceed and revered for his relationship with God. stock-st seriously there was the occasional servant of the professional that would abuse this massive amount of respect and use it to obtain his wishes. A master(prenominal) character presented in Shakespe be’s The catastrophe of Romeo and Juliet, beggar Lawrence, is ace of these untrustworthy friars. He is, un doubtedly, responsible for the destructions of the Romeo and Juliet as a resolution of universe too scopeionate, manipulative, and deceiving.As a resolution of being too pathosate, mendi ignoret Lawrence makes imprudent decisions and is undoubtedly to blame for the tragedy of Romeo and Juliet. For instance, when Juliet discovers that she has no choice but be get hitched with to Paris, the friar attempts to comfort her by formula that â€Å"he already knows [her] grief; / It strains [him] prehistorical the compass of [his] wits. / [He] hears [she] mu st, and nothing may get across it, on Thursday next be married to County Paris” (IV. i. 47-50). beggar Lawrence proves to be a truly compassionate person, as shown with the usage of the hyperbole â€Å"past the compass of [his] wits”.Despite the intended exaggeration do by the beggar, this hyperbole proves itself to be true, subsequent in the play, when Friar Lawrence makes many useless plots that all told lead the star-crossed lovers closer to their endings. The termination of Friar Lawrence’s compassion is shown, again, when Romeo threatens to veil himself after successfully ending the delivering of the Capulet, Tybalt. The Friar chides Romeo’s â€Å"rude unthankfulness” and explains that â€Å"the signifier prince hath turned that black word â€Å"death” to â€Å"banishment”” (III. iii. 24-29).The Friar’s glorify tone toward the lightened punishment causes Romeo to reconsider pickings his own life and ke eps him alive. However, this compassion of retentivity Romeo alive only leads to Juliet’s demise after Romeo regains his necessitate to kill himself and succeeds in doing just that. There is no doubt that Friar Lawrence has compassion, but the intensive compassion leads to rash decisions, eventually ending the lives of Romeo and Juliet. along with an extreme compassion that proves to be detrimental, Friar Lawrence leads the ill-fated couple to their deaths by being manipulative.One such example is shown as the Friar marries Romeo and Juliet when he comments that â€Å"by [their] leaves, [they] shall not diaphragm alone / Till the Holy church service walk out two in one” (II. ii. 35-37). Friar Lawrence hints with the broad statement â€Å" unified two in one” that he does not only want to incorporate Romeo and Juliet, but also the Capulet’s and Montague’s under the marriage of the lovers. The Friar, simply, only wants to coalesce the two fa milies, of a seemingly constant feud, and uses Romeo and Juliet as pawns at the front line, in the chess game of fate.Manipulation is shown again when the Friar addresses this art of manipulation, earlier in the play, when he explains the various properties of herbs. He notes that the herbs are â€Å"nor zippo so good but, strained from that bonny use, / Revolts from true birth, stumbling on abuse” (II. ii. 19-20). Shakespeare uses Friar Lawrence’s knowledge of the manipulation of herbs as foreshadowing into the Friar’s big knowledge of manipulating people, as vigorous. This quote explains how the Friar understands the art of manipulation and intends to obtain his death of uniting the two families.Friar Lawrence does not undulate to use his tact of manipulation, which causes the death of the fated lovers. Another ungodly achievement have by the Friar is his ability to be very deceiving, which contributes in the death of the destine lovers. For example , after Juliet talk through ones hats her death, Friar Lawrence chides the Capulets by saying that they â€Å"love [their] child so ill / that [they] run mad seeing that she is well /… [They should] Dry up [their] tears and stir up [their] rosemary / on [the] fair corse /… and bear her to church” (IV. . 75-81). Despite being a prominent man of God, The Friar can easily deceive without remorse, as do vastly apparent with this quote. This science of fast one brings the star-crossed lovers ever so closer to their deaths when the Friar makes the Capulet parents to arrive much faster and thrill Juliet into killing herself. Deceiving traits by the Friar are shown, once again, when the Friar hatches the plot to fake Juliet’s death.He shares this idea with Juliet saying that she should â€Å"take thou this vial being thusly in bed, / And this distilling thou off;/ When presently thou all thy veins run / A cold and drowsy humor, for no pound” (IV. i. 93-96). As the Friar becomes more desperate, he begins to hatch more programmes that have only a slight possibility of success, resembling this one of putting Juliet into a buddy-buddy sleep. The deceiving Friar again, is responsible for a plan that later proves to be responsible for the death of both Romeo and Juliet.The Friar’s skill of deception and his constant use of this skill leads to the downfall of Romeo and Juliet. As a result of too much compassion, manipulation, and deception, Friar Lawrence is completely at fault for the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. Despite his want to help Romeo and Juliet, many, if not all, of his plans were unsuccessful and were through without any thought of the consequences. Friar Lawrence ill-treated his position of high respect, causing a devastating event that ended disadvantageously for the star-crossed lovers.\r\n'

'Health and Behavioral Consequences of Binge Drinking in College Essay\r'

' accusatory †To examine the extent of debauchery potable by college students and the ensuing health and behavioral chores that sate drinkers take a shit for themselves and others on their campus.\r\nDesign †Self-administered heap mailed to a national representative sample of US 4-year college students.\r\n prospect †One hundred forty US 4-year colleges in 1993.\r\nParticipants †A total of 17,592 college students.\r\nMain Outcome Measures †Self-reports of insobriety behaviour, alcohol-related health problems, and other problems.\r\nResults †Almost half (44%) of college students responding to the survey were binge drinkers, including almost one fifth (19%) of the studenst who were ghost binge drinkers. Frequent binge drinkers are much likely to experience seious health and other consequences of their drinking behaviour than other students. Almost half (47%) of the usual binge drinkers experienced five or more than different drinking related pr oblems, including injuries and engaging in unplanned sex, since the beginning of the school year.\r\nMost binge drinkers do non consider themselves to be problem drinkers and have not sought treatment for an alcohol problem. Binge drinkers create problems for classmates who are not binge drinkers. Students who are not binge drinkers at schools with high binge rates were more liekly than students at schools with lower berth binge rates to experience problems such as being pushed, hit, or assualted or experiencing an unwanted cozy advance.\r\nConclusions †Binge drinking is widespread on college campuses. Programs aimed at reducing this problem should focus on stalk binge drinkers, refer them to treatment or educational programs, and emphasize the harm they cause for students who are not binge drinkers\r\n'

'Analysis of Internationalisation Strategy Tesco and Lidl Essay\r'

'Question 1:\r\nGlobalisation has, in the finale few decades, been one and solo(a) of the dominant trends in sell. Retailers al some the globe argon striving for high spherical nutriment food mart shargons. The food retailing industry which has an oligopolistic trade, curiously, has bullnecked competition although, with a few large star signs peremptory the mart. Among them Tesco and Lidl are one of the major atomic number 63an retailers. Tesco is the UK’s largest retailer with 28.7% commercialise place share, which is 11% to a greater extent than its at hand(predicate) rival, ASDA (Statista.com, 2015), and is the 5th largest retailer in the origination (Deloitte, 2015). And Lidl is the of import(prenominal) retail chain ( beting for more than 70% of its sales) of Schwarz group, which is the quaternate largest retailer in the world (Deloitte, 2015). both(prenominal) of these firms are based in Europe with Tesco being a British firm and Lidl a German.\r \nThese firms are standardised not only in their r plainues and trade shares and as closely as in the generic dodge they ware adopted. In terms of line of credit operation, both firms decipher Porter’s cost attractionship system. However, Tesco in wish manner incorporates the variediation synopsis (Baroto et al., 2012), hence pursuing a hybrid system combining the two, era Lidl altogether follows the no-frills cost attractorship dodge (Geppert et al., 2015). Both these firms capture internationalistized in contrasting countries close to the globe. Lidl has in general foc apply its internationalization in the European foodstuffs, while Tesco, in auxiliary to expanding in diametrical easterly European countries, has a worry started its operations in drastically una analogous food commercializes such as South Korea, China, India and The USA.\r\nHowever, they pass water followed different strategies in their dashs of entrance into conflictin g trades, with different levels of advantage. The decision to and the outcome of internationalization for these two firms befuddle depended on different factors ilk government regulation, availableness of the factors of convergenceion, their art operation strategy and so on. unrivalled of the main criteria for internationalisation for firms is to have some take of competitive advantage, in severalise to overcome the threats and difficulties usually associated with entering into a rising contradictory market (Vernon 1966). Lidl being a discount ho use has a big advantage in terms of price compared to different supermarkets and hypermarkets. As a result of its no-frills strategy, Lidl chiffonier heartyly reduce costs in different stages of its logistics and supply chain. Entering into a new uncouth has a lot of challenges and firm surface is one of the things a firm must consider when choosing a country for internationalisation. If the firm does not have of impo rt market share in its internal market, it result find it difficult to maintain its operations in overseas markets. In Lidl’s case, they have make a real beefed-up domestic help market and at that placefore, had a strong foundation for further expanding upon to foreign markets.\r\nFrom Lidl’s previous Foreign straight Investments, it is evident that that the firm has adopted both learnedness strategy as salutary as Greenfield investment. However, it has loosely revolve abouted on Greenfield investments (Nayak, 2011). Greenfield investment, which entails starting the operations from scratch, gives firms more freedom in selecting their stage business strategy in terms of choosing suppliers and managing logistics etc. This market entry strategy allows firms to fully utilize their attach to-specific advantages (Ando, 2005). One of the reasons Lidl chooses this strategy as their international mode of entry, is because of its consistency with their business sticker. Lidl, like other hard discounters, follows a global measure strategy (Bartlett & Ghoshal, 1989), where majority of the decisions are do by the corporate headquarters, in things like sport of product assortment, externalize of store outlets or policies and procedures and there is truly little topical anaestheticisation (Geppert,2015). This allows Lidl to implement its stimulate strategic model into a new business in a foreign market.\r\nHowever, in addition to underlyingizing the strategic aspect of the business, they also condense some physical aspects of it. â€Å"A global retail strategy relies on standardization to achieve economies of plateful and of replication. This means that in different countries similar product lines, dispersion system, communication, service level and store design are used” (McGoldrick 2002). Lidl’s business strategy includes a regularize supply chain which allows it to efficiently operate its business in different c ountries and also provides an economies of scale. Upon entering a foreign market, they set up regional distribution centres (RDCs) to service a signifi send awayt number of their stores in a certain region. They reference point their products (except perishables) by dint of their headquarters in Germany and those products are distributed by means of the RDCs to their respective regional stores. Each of the RDC is linked to a regional management headquarters and they supply around 60 and 120 stores (Geppert, 2011). Through this kind of even FDI, Lidl operates in its foreign markets just as it does in its domestic market. Also, the fact that Lidl has expanded into countries that are geographically closer makes this strategy and business model very effective.\r\nThis strategy is also consistent with the gravity model of bilateral trade which states that volume of trade is reciprocally relative to the distance between the countries and directly proportional to the size of the econ omies. Lidl’s in operation(p) countries are geographically closer to each other and they, as a result, incur less transaction costs, which allows a discounter like Lidl, to adhere to its cost leadership strategy in its foreign markets as well. Moreover, Germany’s central emplacement in Europe as well as it being the largest thrift in Europe increases the prospect and efficiency of trade. Furthermore, due to Lidl’s superior of internationalisation strategy, factor abundance plays an integral role, especially in terms of record and space. Greenfield investment requires land to work out new stores or the availability of already built stores.\r\nâ€Å"Discounters’ stores are standardized not only in neighbouring markets, but worldwide, which allows for efficient in-store processes” (Warschun, 2011). Therefore, Lidl which follows a similar standardization strategy, requires specific sizes of land and stores in different parts of the country it wan ts to expand to. An exception in this case is Sweden, which is geographically a bit farther relative to other countries. Lidl, establishing a Greenfield investment, built their bear warehouse in South West of Sweden, however, the warehouse was still served by the same logistics firm used by Lidl in Germany, Pape (Nyberg, 2007). This still allowed for the standard distribution process to be implemented, as Pape is already beaten(prenominal) with Lidl’s business model and distribution modes.\r\n regime policies, in both domestic and foreign markets, also have a signifi behindt effect on food retailers and their decision to internationalise. In 1968, a retail planning policy was devised in Germany in indian lodgeing to protect the small stores by limiting the size of stores outside city centres and special zones (Geppert et.al, 2015). This helped discount stores like Lidl by stopping bigger competitors from introducing huge supermarkets and hypermarkets. As a result, Lidl gained a signifi jackpott portion of the market share in the German food retailing market. This strong position in their domestic market meant they had the resources and the motivation to expand into other markets and a strong domestic straw man also benefits Lidl’s modify business model. Since then, Lidl has expanded rapidly, mostly in European markets, and the number of Lidl stores in Lidl’s major operating countries can be seen from the table below.\r\nThe table higher up shows that the total number of stores Lidl had in 2011 in its foreign markets is three times its number of stores in Germany, its domestic market. This shows that Lidl’s endeavours in foreign markets have been winnerful as majority of their international efforts have resulted in a emolument. Lidl doesn’t publish country-by country profit figures, although, its turnover in the UK in 2012, which was £202 million, increasing by around 40% in the five age since the nook hit (Gib b, 2013), shows that it is making a profit. In 2012, Lidl’s overall profits were up by 37% (Kantarretail, 2012). This can partly be attributed to the recession, because of which the pray for cheaper discounted goods increased, however, it can also be attributed to Lidl’s mode of entry into new markets and its business strategy which takes into account the topical anaesthetic culture of the community and country in its foreign markets. For example: Lidl locally sources its perishable food products in the UK locally and uses it as its marketing strategy to attract local consumers and to create a kind brand image.\r\nSimilarly to Lidl, Tesco also has a very strong presence in its domestic market as it is the market leader in the UK. existence among the top five retailers in the world, Tesco has stores in heterogeneous countries in Asia and Europe. After achieving rapid maturation and gaining the highest market share in the UK, the move to enter foreign markets was p art of Tesco’s disciplined international growth strategy (Tesco Annual Report, 2014). Tesco has also adopted flat Foreign Direct Investment in most of its international expansions, usually getting existing retailers in foreign markets and implementing its own business strategy like undercutting competitors and introducing own brand products and its club card scheme and so on (corporatewatch.org, 2004). For example: Tesco’s acquisition of American company K-mart’s stores in Czechoslovakian Republic in 1996 (tescoplc.com) and it currently has more than ccc stores there (Tescopoly.org) Tesco’s first attempts at internationalisation were not very successful as their acquisitions of relatively small supermarket chains in Ireland and France were divested soon aft(prenominal) acquisition (Geppert et al., 2011).\r\nTesco, then changed their strategy in acquisitions by acquiring larger foreign firms rather than smaller ones. In addition to the acquisition o f K-mart in 1996, they acquired 26 S-Mart stores in Hungary in 1995, and ventured into the Irish market once more in 1997, this time acquiring the market leader Associated British Food (ABF) (Geppert et al. 2011). As they grew Tesco has favoured large hypermarkets for its international stores rather than supermarkets, since in most countries it is easier to get planning permission for these than it is in the UK. (corporatewatch.org, 2004). One of Tesco’s main strategy in internationalisation has been to get wind the market and operate in accordance with the local obtain culture to build better relationship with the consumers as well as suppliers. This is much easier to achieve in choosing acquisitions or joint ventures than through Greenfield investments.\r\nThrough acquisitions, as a result of the knowledge of local usance and associations on part of the acquired firm, the investing firm can take advantage of pre-existing business meshwork with suppliers and distribution chains. It also takes over the brands (in some cases), the spirit and the existing market share of the acquired firm and this can result in a stronger market presence very speedilyly (Marinescu & Constantin, 2008). Therefore, using an entry strategy suitable with a lot of market research, Tesco has had success in its foreign expansion in European markets. Some examples include its operations in Hungary, where they strongly focus on local suppliers and 85% of their sales are through local products and In India where they operate a scheme to donate to local charities and organisations (tescoplc.com). The following table with Tesco’s number of stores in 2011, shows that unlike Lidl, Tesco has more stores in its stem market compared to all of its international investments and the proportion of sales is higher in its domestic market as well since it brings in about two thirds of its total revenues from its plaza market (Thomas et al., 2013).\r\nContrary to its success in the European markets, Tesco has recently suffered some major setbacks in internationalisation in Asiatic markets like Japan and China, and the US. Tesco entered the US market in 2007 and instead of using their tried and tested approach of acquisitions or joint ventures, they prefer to adopt a different strategy and entered the market by establishing a new wholly owned subsidiary as a Greenfield investment. This meant that they did not possess the local knowledge about the market and consumer behaviour. In addition, they initially filled their management positions with mostly British expats instead of hiring locally (Silverthorne, 2010). Competing as a new business in a highly oligopolistic market requires a strong strategy and considerable market research and knowledge about the consumer base so, a lack of that meant Tesco could not entice American consumers. Moreover, their clock of internationalisation was also unfortunate as recession had seriously effected Tesco’s cho sen states of California, Nevada and Arizona.\r\nTesco is estimated to have made more than £1 billion in accumulated loss (Finch & Walsh, 2012). Similarly, also in China in 2013, Tesco had to fold its unprofitable business into a state-run company as a minority partner; this was attributed to a difficulty foreign companies like Tesco, have in negotiating with suppliers and regulators in a fast- growth(prenominal) but tricky market. Furthermore, Tesco also withdrew from the Japanese market in 2012 in a â€Å"move that follows decisions to… focus on investing in its British home market” (Thomas et al., 2013). Tesco’s exit from Taiwan can be credited to low factor abundance, as all the most attractive sites for expansion already been developed or were held under future schooling option by hybridizing, who had been a well-established retailer in the country. In addition, the highly complex land ownership system was a hindrance for Tesco’s as it obs tructed the transfer its skills in site location analysis and property development (Lowe & Wrigley, 2010). However, Tesco has had success in Asia, with Thailand, and South Korea, which is its largest foreign market.\r\nTesco outperformed its global rivals Wal-Mart and Carrefour in South Korea and they were forced to exit the market leaving Tesco as the dominant international retailer there (Lowe & Wrigley, 2010). Tesco had entered both South Korea and Thailand through joint ventures rather than acquisition, this key difference helped the firm massively as the partnerships with local firms offered Tesco the knowledge of local business/regulatory conditions and consumer culture, plus it provided the opportunity to build upon the ‘local’ appeal, especially in South Korea where Tesco had partnered with Samsung and the use of the name, Samsung-Tesco, proved to be vital (Lowe & Wrigley, 2010). Tesco’s failures in internationalization in some of the Asian an d the American markets does show to some extent that geographical distance might have played a part even though the size of the economies touch on were quite large. The culture of these markets were very different and as per Krugman’s love of variety model, singulars’ tastes are even more diverse, and Tesco could not adapt to these vastly different markets. In these kind of markets, a joint venture, like it adopted in its Korean and Thai markets, seemed to be the preferable option.\r\nComparing and analysing the strategies of Tesco and Lidl’s shows that, in order to have a successful internationalisation and afterwards continue to have a strong foreign market, the firms must be strong in its domestic market. Both firms use different primary strategy to enter into foreign markets but their internationalisation strategy suits their respective business strategy, as Tesco’s opts for quick growth and seeks to be a market leader in all of its markets usually by acquiring large existing retailers, while Lidl opts for greenfield investments in order to maintain its cost leadership and utilize its standardized supply and distribution chains. Both firms use even FDI, which does decrease international trade as their go are usually aimed at host country, however, individual governments welcome Horizontal FDI as it boosts the local economy by providing jobs as well as increases competition.\r\nIn Tesco’s case, it has recently turned its focus on its home market, as it has been losing market share in the UK and two thirds of its revenue come from the UK, however Lidl is growing more internationally and plans to open more stores in its already existing international markets like the UK (Butler, 2014). The world is very small now, especially with the ability to restate technology easily and the power to move freely between countries. However, the strategies these two forms have used and their posture in different countries show that, although there are fewer differences in consumer cultures and market structures, these differences still exit and play an important role in the success and failure of firms.\r\nThe ability of a firm to understand the consumer culture is key when it comes to internationalisation. Furthermore, the gravity model does bring to an extent even in the case of internationalisation of firms, as evident from Tesco’s failure to soak most Asian markets they entered compared to their successes in most European markets they ventured into. Tesco’s success in Thailand and Korea shows that a enounce venture with a locally established company would be the ideal mode of entry into unsettled markets. And a firm’s Internationalisation strategy must also be consistent with its business strategy in order to have a consistent growth in the foreign market after a successful entry.\r\nReference:\r\nBaroto, M. B., Abdullah, M. M. B. and Wan, H. L. (2012) ‘ mark Strategy: A New Strategy for competitive Advantage’, International Journal of clientele and Management, 7. inside: 10.5539/ijbm.v7n20p120. Bartlett C.A., Ghoshal, S. (1989): Managing across Borders. The Transnational Solution. Boston., Mass: Harvard Business School press Butler, S. (2014a) ‘Lidl launches £220m UK store expansion class’, The Guardian, 27 June. useable at: http://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/jun/27/lidl-launches-store-expansion-programme (Accessed: 7 April 2015). Corporate Watch (2004) Tesco Plc, Corporate Watch. forthcoming at: http://www.corporatewatch.org.uk/company-profiles/tesco-plc#international (Accessed: 9 April 2015). Deloitte (2014) http://www2.deloitte.com/content/ dekametre/Deloitte/tw/Documents/consumer-business/tw-cb-retailing2014-en.pdf, Deloitte. Available at: http://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tw/Documents/consumer-business/tw-cb-retailing2014-en.pdf (Accessed: 8 April 2015). Finch, J. and Walsh, F. (2012) ‘Tescoâ€⠄¢s American dream over as US retreat confirmed’, The Guardian, 5 December. Available at: http://www.theguardian.com/business/2012/dec/05/tesco-american-dream-retreat-us-fresh-easy (Accessed: 6 April 2015). Geppert, M., Williams, K. and Wortmann, M. (2014) ‘Micro-political impale playing in Lidl: A comparison of store-level barter relations’, European Journal of Industrial dealings. inside: 10.1177/0959680114544015. Geppert, M., Wortmann, M., Czarzasty, J., KaÄŸnicioÄŸlu, D., Kohler, H.-D., Rückert, Y., Royle, T., Uçkan, B. and Williams, K. (2011) Work and Employment Relations of European Multinational Grocery Retailers †Discounters and Hypermarkets. Hans-Böckler-Stiftung. Available at: http://www.boeckler.de/pdf_fof/S-2009-317-1-1.pdf (Accessed: 6\r\n'

'The greatest improvement\r'

'The greatest emendment in the productive powers of labor, and the greater part of the skill, dexterity, and judgment with which it is any(prenominal) where directed, or applied, seem to have been the effects of the portion of labor.”This is the first paragraph excerpted from Adam smith’s The Wealth of Nations. com/compare-and-contrast-karl-marxs-and-walt-rostows-theories/>Adam Smith is regarded as the Father of contemporary Economics, and the Father of Capitalism. Smith’s most famed work, The Wealth of Nations was the first systematic attempt to explicate the workings of the economy in foodstuff terms, emphasize the importance of the division of labor.\r\nThe fundamental element in Smith’s viewpoint is his focus on the importance of the free market in ensuring the highest level of quality of commodities at the lowest prices. Smith’s philosophy is that tender beings are natur anyy individualistic.He furthers policy-making theories that e mphasize the individual, and proclaims the worth of each individual. He believes that human beings will interact most effectively when they brave out in a society of economic freedom, with individualistic philosophies that tend to emphasize what people keep do as individuals, not what they can do as groups. In The Wealth of Nations, he states that: â€Å"In a free economic system, an individual is led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was no part of his intention…By pursuing his induce interest, he frequently promotes that of the society more effectu altogethery than when he really intends to promote it.” We can deduce in this excerpt that because individuals constantly seek to wear out their own condition, they will continually direct resources to split uses when it is possible to do so. This will result to their and early(a) people’s advantage which can thus better or improve the conditions of others as well up.Adam Smith believes that the t enets of the free market system can improve the living conditions of individuals. In his view, free markets allow all individuals in an economy to improve their conditions. This collective advancement by individuals results to national improvement †the wealthiness of nations. He believes that a free market enables individuals’ significant egotism interest to exercise itself within the limits established by a government that controls people from performing positively bad actions.Smith states: â€Å"Man has almost constant power for the help of his brethren, and it is vain for him to express it from their benevolence only. He will be more likely to dominate if he can interest their self-love in his favor, and show them that it is for their own advantage to do for him what he requires of them…It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest.”This paragraph very( prenominal) well sums up Adam Smith’s philosophy that individualistic tendencies can very well result to the improvement of others, and to the wealth of nations.Smith greatly believes on the benefits of the division of Labor. The division of labor is a fundamental component of economic growth and it is this division allows the wealth of nations and individuals to develop. The division of labor requires a free market in order to be most effective.Where thither is a closed or highly correct market, or monopolies or guilds control productive practices, inefficiencies can often result. Subsequent to John Locke, Smith as well sees labor as the ultimate source for all value. Smith states: â€Å"Labor…is the real measure of the transposable value of all commodities.”Resources:1.      Great Political Thinkers. Plato to the Present. sixth Edition. William Ebenstein. Allan Ebenstien. Chapter 23: Smith. Pages 492-497.\r\n \r\n'

'Yeast Pre-Lab\r'

'Yeasts’ cap business leader of undergoing grain alcohol hullabalooation, its powerfulness to ferment new(prenominal) sugars and colored sweeteners, and how lactase influences barms ability to use milk sugar as a provender source Kristina Naydenova Father Michael Goetz Purpose Part A: To ask whether barm has the ability to ferment glucose to gain vitamin C dioxide brag and neutral spirits. Part B: To investigate whether yeast has the ability to ferment other sugars and bl from each oneed sweeteners and how lactase influences their ability to use lactose as a viands source. QuestionPart A: Does yeast establish the ability of undergoing ethanol fermentation? Part B: Does yeast have the ability to ferment other sugars and artificial sweeteners? Does lactase influence the ability of yeast to use lactose as a food source? Hypothesis Part A: If yeast produces carbon dioxide bluster (the solution will raise cloudy due to carbon dioxide presence) and ethanol subsequ ently fermenting glucose then it has the ability to undergo ethanol fermentation because ethanol fermentations reactants consist of glucose and the products consist of carbon dioxide gas and ethanol.Part B: If yeast has the ability to ferment other sugars and artificial sweeteners then the products of the solution will consist of carbon dioxide gas and ethanol because the products of ethanol fermentation are carbon dioxide gas and ethanol. If lactase influences the ability of yeast to use lactose as a food source then the yeast will be able to use lactose to produce carbon dioxide gas and ethanol because the yeast will be capable of breaking spile lactose into glucose and galactose. Materials * Safety goggles| * Lab proscenium| 4 flaskfuls ( snow mL) and 1 stopper| * Wax draw (for making shew metros)| * Ruler| * 6 broad beakers (400 mL)| * Thermometer| * Stopwatch| * 50 mL glucose severance (10%)| * 50 mL yeast suspension (I package per 100 mL of pee)| * Cotton hit| * Lime body of water| * Warm water (35 °C)| * 10 mL of each of the following solutions: glucose, sucrose, lactose, and artificial sweetener (10%)| * 10 mL of a suspension of lactose (10%) with a pinch of lactase| * 10 mL of distilled water| * Graduated cylinder| * 6 test tubes (15 mL) with 1 hole rubber stoppers|Variables number 1. The safety goggles and lab apron were set on. 2. Three flasks were labeled as â€Å"yeast and glucose,” â€Å"yeast,” and â€Å"glucose. ” 3. 10 mL of glucose solution and 5 mL of yeast suspension were added to the â€Å"yeast and glucose” flask. 4. 10 mL of distilled water with 5 mL of yeast suspension to the â€Å"yeast and glucose” flask as a control. 5. 5 mL of distilled water with 10 mL of glucose solution were added to the â€Å"glucose” flask as a second control. 6. Cotton batting was fixed in the mouth of the flasks to reduce aviation turbulence. . The cotton batting was removed carefully by and by 24 ho urs and the contents of each flask were smelled. A slight alcohol odour was detected. 8. Each flask was tested for the presence of carbon dioxide.The invisible gas change integrityture was slowly poured into a flask that contains 25 mL of limewater. The limewater flask was stoppered and the contents were swirled to mix the limewater with the gas. Observations were recorded. The flask was rinsed. 25 mL of fresh limewater was added forward testing the next gas sample. . A convention was used to place start marks at 0. 5 cm intervals along the sides of the test tubes. 10. sise beakers of warm water (35 °C) were prepared. The beakers were two-thirds full of warm water. 11. The half dozen test tubes were labeled as â€Å"glucose,” â€Å"sucrose,” â€Å"lactose step down milk,” â€Å"artificial sweetener (Splenda),”lactose free milk and lactase,” and â€Å"distilled water”. 12. 10 mL of the appropriate solutions to each test tube were add ed. 13. 5 mL of yeast suspension to each test tube were added.The test tubes were filled. 14. The test tubes were scaled with one-hole stoppers after the mixtures are placed in the test tubes. 15. One test tube was held. The holes in the stopper were covered, and the test tube was modify and placed into a beaker of warm water. The process was repeat for all six solutions, using a contrasting beaker for each solution. 16. The amount of gas produced after 1, 5 and 10 minutes was recorded using the graduation marks on the test tubes. Observations Table 1.Before and after observations of yeast and glucose, yeast and glucose Solution| Before| subsequently| Yeast and glucose| | | Yeast| | | Glucose | | | Table 2. The amount of gas produced by glucose, sucrose, lactose free milk, artificial sweetener, lactose free milk and lactase, and distilled water after 1, 5 and 10 minutes Solution| cartridge holder (1 minute)| count of gas| Time (5 minutes)| Amount of Gas| Time (10 minutes)| Amo unt of Gas| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |\r\n'

'Being a Change Agent\r'

'This composing testament outline the concept of qualify element. It leave give us a brief commentary of what a shift constituent is. It exit talk of the concept in detail further. In the depression few paginates, we reason what basically a lurch instrument is and what be the theories and concepts behind it. Later on, we discuss alternate ingredients with reference to the procurement execute. The role that trade brokers play in the business surroundings has plough precise important in the past few years. Companies adopt and reconcile to tilt often and to overhaul them initiate the lick and implement it completely we pay off channelise federal agents.Introduction A stir agent is psyche who brush aside flip-flop an singular’s or ecesis’s ability and en fitted them to acquire higher levels of outcome and help them move up the call for hierarchy. (Stevenson, 2008) A agitate agent is, â€Å"a person who transcends a throw project or business-wide initiative by defining, researching, planning, building business give birth and c befully selecting volunteers to be weakening of a castrate team. alternate Agents must have the conviction to rural bea the facts based on data, even if the issuances are associated with unpleasantness. ” (Six Sigma Dictionary, 2003)A convert agent has to see the future and over fount the present because if he starts to think of the present jibely he forget not be open to bring about the changes that he wants. The day-dream leads the agent to act a certain instruction and discharge certain activities and functions. Bringing about a change is not simple; it requires a lot of overweight work. Hard work is not the only involvement that can initiate and implement the change, the agent ask to be passionate about the change and opine in the vision. His passion will ultimately lead the opposites near him to be passionate and the change to be successful. (Stevenson, 2008)As we all k directly that motivation is one of the come across factors for any social occasion to be successful. Nobody else can motivate the change agent, he necessitate to motivate himself. He requisites to be strong individual who can look out on the comments of others and be misunders alsod and not appreciated and ease do his job. Most important of all these affaires is that the change agent ineluctably to be able to visit hoi polloi and their take. Without the pack it is impossible for the change to be successful, the change agent should not for soak up them in the emergence of bringing about a change, because differently the change will be useless. (Stevenson, 2008)In today’s world change agents are a commons phenomenon, businesses frequently have to redesign business operations to stay up-to-date and enhance their position in the business world by having a comparative microscope stage advantage, the latest technology and business process. To enable this to chance in their company, the management hires change agents. The change agent analyzes the company and its operations and accordingly develops a vision as to where he wants to see the company. Then he sees what the basic requirements for the change are, training for the employees, re-layering for the system, refreshing governing body, investing and many other things. (Hugos, 2008) erstwhile all this has been established, the change process starts, the time period can vary according to the type of change and the extent to which the change is fetching place within the organization. During this time period, the change agent interacts with all the people and helps them adapt to the new system and overcome any riddles that they force be facing. Once the system has been implemented, the change agent as well as settle the successful rate of the change. If there has been a productiveness increase and a generally better environment than the change has been successful oth erwise another hypothesis or method may have to be apply for the change.(Hugos, 2008) People resist change, they do not like it when outsiders come and change nearlything in their stain. They shade uncomfortable as the environment changes because they had become used to the previous environment and even though it had round shortcomings, it was their haven. That is why change agents are treated in earnest and are not liked by the employees of the organization because they think he will change their territory which will change the carriage things are through and maybe the layout of the office. The change agent will inaugurate their comfort zone and distort it. (Hugos, 2008)The number one thing that the change agent needs to do is to stimulate to k in a flash the people around him and especially those that are involved in the change process. The agent needs to talk to them and see what they want. He needs to take in sure that these employees are comfortable around him and escort the change process and are willing to protrude him. The best way to get to know the employees and get them to talk to you is to get down working with them. The south thing that the change agent needs to do is take the information he finds during this time genuinely seriously. Things he will learn here are the basic reasons for the change.This information will help in developing the vision later. The third and last thing that will happen and will be consequence of the first two steps will be that the employees will start to trust the agent and will open up to him. (Hugos, 2008) Up till now we have talked about how change agents need to detect a family relationship with the propose group. We will now discuss who the target groups are. The target groups are the people on which the change will be implemented. In these include, the employees whose attitude, feelings, beliefs, values, and perceptions might need to be changed.Then there are groups or organizations, whose size , composition, structure of authority, hierarchies, communication styles and channels, and many other things may need to be changed. other kinsperson is the community, in which change might be infallible within the inter-group relations that exist on the rear of ethnicity, race, gender, class, religion etc. and finally there is the orderliness as a whole. flip-flop in the conjunction will be on a very heavy(a) scale, such as globalization, urbanization, modernization, a change in policies and international relations, the environment, agriculture, education and much more. (Hugos, 2008)The categories of change agents are the directors of a company, administrators, political parties or supporters, the pecuniary backers, volunteers, employees, technical and professional people such as lawyers, sociologists, scientists etc. the types of change system that the change agent will adopt will depend on the situation and the type of change that is required, in some ways it will also d epend on the relationship between the agent and the target of change. (Hugos, 2008) Change Strategies Then type of change that is needed and the way the change will be implemented is know as the change dodge.thither are four strategies that a change agent can follow: empirical-rational strategies, normative/re-educative strategies, power/coercive strategies, and environmental-adaptive strategy. (UNCW, 2008) The empirical-rational strategy is used when the relationship between the target and the agent is unequal on some levels notwithstanding on the other levels the contrast does not exist. This strategy is used so that the unlikeness can be reversed. The strategy is most strong when the targets of change are individuals and not groups and organizations.The aim of this strategy is to provide the targets with the information; it assumes that the targets are rational beings that can use this information to gain knowledge and take away the best decision possible from the informati on that is on tap(predicate) to them. (UNCW, 2008) The normative/re-educative strategy is used when the agent wants to move the target. It is not a battle or a debate where the agent wants to defeat the target nevertheless the agent wants the target to understand his point of mess and finally agree with him. In this strategy the target is brought face to face with the changed ideas and views.They are persuaded to adopt these new values and internalize them so that they become part of the group and are something that the group does unconsciously. To make people believe and accept these values, the emotional and the rational cost are used. They can either be convert with scientific facts and figured or can be convinced emotionally. The targets of such a strategy are organizations, groups and the communities. (UNCW, 2008) The third strategy is the power/coercive strategy. This strategy will only work when the target is underage on the agent such as in the teddy of children.In t his strategy there is the use of power, specie and authority. The targets may be bribed to follow the change or otherwise face the consequences. The authority in this case may or may not be legitimate. The agents in this case want to be forward of the target and want to defeat them. It can also be that the agents may be oppressed by the target and will eventually revolt against the target, there have been such cases in history but they have been on a very large scale, for example; the French Revolution. (UNCW, 2008) The fourth strategy of change is the environmental-adaptive strategy.In this strategy the people are not right away transferred into the new environment, it is a gradual process. The new organization is created and the employees are made to go through a transition phase. In this the targets will be flip over with the change but will quickly adapt to the new environment. (Nickols, 2006) The Change Process The way the change is brought about or the processes that the change is brought about in are known as the change process and there are a few methods for doing this. all(prenominal) will be discussed individually in the spare-time activity paragraphs. The basic process of change is the unfreezing, changing and refreezing process.The things that need to be changed will be unlearnt by the employees; they will then learn the new way of doing things or can come up with their own way of doing the job. The best method will then be learned by all the employees. The method will then be refrozen, by learning it. Another process of change is by resolution a worry and conclusion a problem. The thing that needs to be changed is referred to as the problem. The change agent needs to move the target from the state of problem to the work state. This has to be done in an orderly and check fashion. When this is achieved the problem is moldd.This is basically known as the be after change model. (Nickols, 2006) When the change agent is trying to solve th e problem he is basically looking for the ascendant thus, the problem solving part comes when a hunt down of action is looked for to solve the problem. The problem finding part is when the action or thing that needs changing is being lay out. In this the change agent is finding the thing that is causing the problem and that which will eventually need to be changed. Thus, the problem is first found and then solved in a taxonomic manner. Some questions need to be answered about the problem.The first thing that needs to be understood is that how the problem has occurred so that such situations can be avoided in the future. (Nickols, 2006) Another thing that needs to be canvass is that what has caused the problem, so that that can also be solved. The problem has occurred because of a reason and that reason needs to be found and analyzed. There must be something that is deficient in the current situation, and to solve the problem the change agent needs to know these things so that i n the solved situation these things are not present. (Nickols, 2006) ConclusionA change agent does not require a narrow down set of skills, there is no professional degree needed to be a change agent. There are only a few things that an individual needs to be aware of and know how to manipulate. He needs to be aware of the people around him, but this he needs to limit. If he becomes too aware it can hinder his job or if he completely not aware then he will not be able to implement the change successfully. A change agent needs to know what the situation is and after awake analysis he should be able to solve it in his mind before actually solving it in real life because otherwise it might just end up as a disaster.One thing we can conclude from the paper is that the process of forming a relationship with the target is of extreme impressiveness and that without the support of the people involved the change agent cannot achieve his goal. The whole process of will be useless. Referenc es 1. Dennis Stevenson (2008). What is a Change Agent? Retrieved on stately 24, 2008, http://it. toolbox. com/blogs/original-thinking/what-is-a-change-agent-23764 2. Fred Nickols (2006). Change Management 101: A Primer, Retrieved on August 24, 2008, http://home.att. net/~nickols/change. htm 3. Mike Hugos (2008). How to become a Change Agent, Retrieved on August 24, 2008, http://www. cio. com/article/13091/How_to_Become_a_Change_Agent? page=3 4. Six Sigma Dictionary (2003). Change Agent, Retrieved on August 24, 2008, http://www. isixsigma. com/dictionary/Change_Agent-393. htm 5. University of New Carolina Wilmington (2008). Social Change Strategies. Retrieved on August 24, 2008, http://people. uncw. edu/pricej/teaching/socialchange/Social%20Change%20Strategies. htm\r\n'

'Social Work Psychosocial Assessment\r'

'APRIL’S PSYCHOSOCIAL ASSESSMENT Referral April was non a referral client; preferably she did her own research aft(prenominal) feeling unsupported by her previous therapist. She order this practice on the Pratt Institute listserv as she was face for a psychologist coterminous to instill. According to April, she authoritative a diagnosis of do threesome Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma five weeks agone and had non told whatsoeverone block to her. She indirect requested to talk to somebody â€Å" purpose” to figure out what steps to fulfill next. Client IdentificationDemographics: April is a 23 year-old womanhood who presently lives on campus at Pratt Institute studying computer architecture and urban planning. Her pargonnts are married and she has a 21 year-old br opposite, Daniel, who has a diagnosis of Down syndrome. Her father utilize to be in the army and straightway works for the US Department of Veterans Affairs, her gravel precautions for her br other. Employment/ fostering: April is in her second year at Pratt and presents to overwhelmed with watercourse workload, yet managing to get by.She seems focused and undeterred by her presenting issue to complete her education. It is unreadable if April is employed, she did not pay heed it. Income and Source: As declared above, it is unclear if April is presently working, receiving financial help from her parents, or receiving government loans and bursaries. unless development on her sources of income whitethorn need to be clarified to determine as this could entertain an relate on the economic aid avail open to her in the close-fitting future. However, her interest in alternative medicine could take to be she is not worried intimately finances.Living Environment: The specifics of April’s living environment are unknown. She has not stated any concerns closely her living website. Sources of Information The information contained in this assessment was acquired in an in psyche assignment with April that she accountd. No information was obtained from any other sources. Problem Definition April was diagnosed five weeks ago with put three Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. April stated she feels â€Å"tired” and has been experiencing â€Å"night travails” lately.Although, she states that she â€Å"knows” she has cancer, she seems to be in denial virtually the acerbity of her illness. April has a hard time talking close her diagnosis (she had to write it down), and seemed to be avoiding what she came to talk about although she expressed wanting to talk with someone objective who was not personally invested in her healthful- macrocosm. April was antecedently seen by a Pratt therapist, which she stated did not go soundly though she found her old psychiatrist â€Å" enough enough”, she felt that she was only a best listener with â€Å"nothing to say”.She seemed to be pestered with the previous therapists attempts to cont act her after she decided to retrovert acquittance, although she did not let her know she would not be return. April became very defensive attitude when talking about her family, when this prole asked if she felt that her brother took up most of her mother’s time, she quickly shot the idea down. She presents as universe exceedingly independent, yet extremely leal to her family. April communicated that she is falling behind on her tamework, she seems particularly concern with maintaining her current tone and does not appear to be winning her diagnosis seriously.April expressed wanting to explore her other options of acupuncture, herbal therapies, and meditation even though her oncologist suggested she begin chemotherapy immediately. April appears to be experiencing an internal conflict and seems to have a hard time trusting others or asking for help. History/Antecedents: April stated that she had a spit out that would not let up, as she grew tired of cough in cl ass she finally went to the health counterpunch at Pratt. She was prescribed antibiotics, which did not help her cough.She had resigned herself to tarry to speak to her dad, a retired army official now working for the US Department of Veterans Affairs. When she began experiencing night sweat she returned to the health center, where she was annoyed to be accused of taking demotet pills or using cocaine. After macrocosm sent to the Brooklyn hospital for a chest x-ray, a big mass was discovered behind her spine. A bone marrow biopsy was done and she was diagnosed with stage three non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It has been five weeks since April’s diagnosis and she has not told her parents or anyone close to her.It is unclear if April is aware of the magnitude of her illness, though she stated she knows she has cancer, she does not appear to be taking the diagnosis seriously rather she is carrying on with her tone as if nothing has changed. April expressed that perhaps she does not w ant treatment and perchance she would rather die than put her life in someone else’s hands. It is unclear if April truly believes that she has cancer. Past Solutions: As indicated previously, April received her diagnosis five weeks ago and presents as being in denial as to the distressfulness it entails.She previously was seeing another therapist, however she did not the likes of her and s aggrandisementped going after only dickens sessions. It is not clear as to what was discussed in these sessions, as April only said that her previous therapist was not much older that her, had â€Å"nothing to say”, and told her â€Å"the same story twice”. She stated that she halt going without manifesting her therapist she would not be returning and was overtly annoyed when the therapist tried to make pass her more times after, which she felt was â€Å"over the top”.April stated she has not yet began seeking aesculapian treatment, nor has she confided in her family as to her situation for their support. April seems overly concern with the reaction her family impart have upon receiving the news of her illness. It is possible that she is keeping this information from her family to protect them as s salubrious as to maintain her liberty. Contri onlying Factors: April’s diagnosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma was not brought on by any factors placed in the session. However, April’s tiredness and night sweat suit are probable symptoms of her illness.It is likely that April’s freedom is making it hard for her to tell her family and friends about her illness. She as healthful stated that her brother’s autism took up a lot of her mother’s time and that â€Å"no one talks about her” this could show where her independence developed from. April spoke about her recent pass out up with her boyfriend who she remains right-hand(a) friends with only when has a new girlfriend from a well off family. April stated that she has not told her boyfriend or friends about her diagnosis; April may be believe her denial of her diagnosis and keeping it to herself, makes it less real.Her softness to talk about her diagnosis may be a factor of her need to control her life as an independent young woman and not wanting to ask for support with her illness should be further explored. The Client System Functioning: April became defensive several times during this interview. She stated that she did not want to talk about her cancer diagnosis many times during the session. She expressed that she has been feeling tired and having swage sleeping, experiencing night sweats and waking up in a soaked bed. Other than the above April appears to be still functioning at a high school level nd is able to get to school and besides her recent assignments is doing fine at school. It should be noted that April appears physically to be in trade good health, she is a well-dressed, attractive young woman. She appear s to be well spoken and intelligent, yet she is in denial about her illness. Strengths/Coping Skills: During this interview April was commended for her independence, alike her loyalty towards her family was also a strength brought to her attention. April seems to have a blind drunk support system, although she is not using it at the moment. She has family and friends who care about her.April’s ability to remain in school and continue on with her studies is also a strength to be noted. Her communication skills are well developed, even though she was unable to express herself in this meeting there is potential for it in the future. Relationships and affectionate Support: It is unclear what the extent of April’s alliance with her family, friends, or community is. As stated earlier, April is a very independent young woman and though she did mention her family in the interview, she has not told them about her illness as she does not want to put any stress on them.Furthe r exploration regarding the depth and feel of her relationship is needed. During the interview, April expressed that she and her ex-boyfriend are still â€Å"good friends” and that they get along great. He however is unconscious of her diagnosis. April mentioned she has other friends but no other lucubrate were provided. April seemed to take a liking to this worker, and expressed being happy that this worker was older than she had expected. She seemed to have an aristocratic time talking as long as she was guiding the conversation but closed up upon being asked questions she did not feel like answering.Resources/Obstacles: April hold that she does not like to ask for help, she stated that she was able to go see a therapist at school. Though the sessions were quickly terminated they lead to her determination this practice and setting up an appointment. Although, she finds them inefficient, April identified the school’s health center and her oncologist as a present preference available to her. April mentioned her family but it is unclear if she sees them as a resource. She stated her brother suffers from autism and takes a lot of her mother’s time, and father is a lot busy.April also mentioned she has a good relationship with ex-boyfriend but acknowledged that she does not confide in him or her other friends. This suggests that April is used to fending for herself and her independence is an important resource to her. April’s need to control a situation presents as a obstacle for her, as she seems to close people off when they get too close to asking information she is not ready to share. This may have been the case with her previous therapist who she stopped seeing, claiming she was â€Å"incompetent”. April did not mention any other support systems.It is unclear if she has other individuals she can verify on and appears to have issues with relatedness. Professional Opinion April appears to be in denial about her diagn osis of stage three non-Hodgkin lymphoma and what it entails. April appears to be taking the diagnosis as a big inconvenience rather than recognizing the seriousness if holds. April has not began treatment, although her oncologist has recommended that she begin immediately. She appears to be an intelligent, independent, young woman; it is possible her apprehensions on sharing her diagnosis with family are related to her not wanting to lose her independence.April appears to be more concerned with what her family’s reactions to diagnosis will be and the stress it may cause them, rather than what the diagnosis means for her health. It is this workers opinion that April is used to taking care of herself and is appalling that her parents will not be there to support to her if she puts herself out there. April’s having elect to look into alternative medical treatment, even with her oncologist’s advice to begin immediate treatment, shows her need to be in control of h er life.It is this worker’s opinion that April is fearful of giving up the one thing she has depended on her entire life; her independence and ability to care for her. During the interview, April mentioned other relationships; her ex-boyfriend, his new girlfriend, and friends. While these people maybe able to provide support to her in the future, April is before long not ready to share her diagnosis or ask them for help. Plan An intervention plan was not created as April left without formulating a plan or scheduling a second session.However, it is this worker’s opinion that the following steps need to be taken; April needs to recognize that there is no shame in asking for help or relying on others in her time of need, April should talk to her oncologist about her considering alternative medicine and see how she thinks she should proceed, and April needs to tell her parents about her diagnosis. As she left without scheduling an appointment and this worker is unaware if she will call to schedule one, it is unclear of what will transpire. However, this plan will be further discussed with April if she does make a second appointment.\r\n'